Ama-surfactants ayikilasi lezinto zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziswa kakhulu empilweni yansuku zonke kanye nokukhiqizwa kwezimboni.

Anezici zokunciphisa ukushuba kwesimo samanzi kanye nokuthuthukisa ikhono lokusebenzisana phakathi koketshezi nokuqinile noma igesi.

I-TMAO, i-Trimethylamine oxide, i-dihydrate, INOMBOLO YE-CAS: 62637-93-8, iyi-ejenti esebenzayo engaphezulu kanye nama-surfactants, angasetshenziswa ezinsizeni zokugeza.

Ama-oxidants abuthakathaka e-TMAO

I-Trimethylamine oxide, njenge-oxidant ebuthakathaka, isetshenziswa ekuphenduleni kwamakhemikhali ukuze kuhlanganiswe ama-aldehydes, i-oxidation ye-organic boranes, kanye nokukhululwa kwama-ligands e-organic kusukela ku-iron carbonyl compounds.

•  Ukwakheka kwama-surfactants

Ama-surfactants ahlukaniswe izingxenye ezimbili: amaqembu e-hydrophilic namaqembu e-hydrophobic.Iqembu le-hydrophilic yiqembu le-polar elakhiwe ama-athomu afana ne-oxygen, i-nitrogen, noma isulfure eyi-hydrophilic.Amaqembu e-Hydrophobic ayizingxenye ze-hydrophobic, ngokuvamile ezakhiwe ngamaqembu angewona ama-polar njenge-alkyl yamaketanga amade noma amaqembu anephunga elimnandi.Lesi sakhiwo sivumela ama-surfactants ukuthi axhumane nakho kokubili kwamanzi nezinto ze-hydrophobic ezifana namafutha.

•  Indlela yokusebenza yama-surfactants

Ama-surfactants akha ungqimba lwamangqamuzana ebusweni boketshezi, olwaziwa ngokuthi ungqimba lwe-adsorption.Ukwakheka kwesendlalelo se-adsorption kungenxa yokwakheka kwezibopho ze-hydrogen phakathi kwamaqembu e-hydrophilic ama-molecule e-surfactant nama-molecule wamanzi, kuyilapho amaqembu e-hydrophobic esebenzisana nama-molecule omoya noma amafutha.Lesi singqimba se-adsorption singanciphisa ukushuba koketshezi, kwenze kube lula ukuthi uketshezi lumanzise indawo eqinile.

Ama-surfactants nawo angakha izakhiwo ze-micelle.Uma ukuhlangana kwe-surfactant kudlula ukugxiliswa kwe-micelle ebalulekile, ama-molecule e-surfactant azohlangana ngokwawo akhe ama-micelles.Ama-Micelles ayizakhiwo ezincane eziyindilinga ezakhiwe ngamaqembu angama-hydrophilic abheke esigabeni esinamanzi kanye namaqembu angama-hydrophobic abheke ngaphakathi.Ama-Micelles angakwazi ukufaka izinto ze-hydrophobic ezifana nowoyela futhi azihlakaze esigabeni se-aqueous, ngaleyo ndlela afeze imiphumela yokufaka emulsifying, ukuhlakazeka, kanye nokuqedwa.

• Izinkambu zokufaka izicelo zama-surfactants

1. I-ejenti yokuhlanza: Ama-surfactants ayingxenye eyinhloko yama-ejenti okuhlanza, anganciphisa ukungezwani kwamanzi, okwenza kube lula ukuthi amanzi abe manzi futhi angene, ngaleyo ndlela athuthukise umphumela wokuhlanza.Isibonelo, ama-ejenti okuhlanza anjenge-detergent ne-dishwashing detergent konke kuqukethe izinto ezisetshenziswayo.

2. Imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu: Ama-surfactants angenza imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu njenge-shampoo nejeli yeshawa ikhiqize igwebu elicebile, inikeze imiphumela emihle yokuhlanza nokuhlanza.

3. Izimonyo: Ama-surfactants adlala indima ekukhiqizeni izimonyo emulsifying, ekuhlakazeni nasekuqiniseni izimonyo.Isibonelo, ama-emulsifiers nama-disperants ku-lotion, ukhilimu wobuso nezimonyo ama-surfactants.

4. Izibulala-zinambuzane nezithasiselo zezolimo: Izibulala-zinambuzane zingathuthukisa ukumanzisa nokungeneka kwezibulala-zinambuzane, zithuthukise ukukhanga kwazo kanye nemiphumela yokungena, futhi zithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwezibulala-zinambuzane.

5. Imboni kaphethiloli namakhemikhali: Izinto ezisebenza emanzini zidlala indima ebalulekile ezinqubweni ezinjengokukhishwa kukawoyela, umjovo wamanzi endaweni kawoyela, nokuhlukaniswa kwamanzi kawoyela.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-surfactants asetshenziswa kakhulu kumafutha, ama-rust inhibitors, ama-emulsifiers, neminye imikhakha.

Isifinyezo:

Ama-surfactants awuhlobo lwezinto zamakhemikhali ezinekhono lokunciphisa ukushuba koketshezi futhi athuthukise ukusebenzisana phakathi koketshezi nokuqinile noma igesi.Isakhiwo sawo sakhiwe ngamaqembu e-hydrophilic kanye ne-hydrophobic, angakha izendlalelo ze-adsorption kanye nezakhiwo ze-micelle.Ama-surfactants asetshenziswa kakhulu ekuhlanzeni, emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu, izimonyo, izibulala-zinambuzane nezithasiselo zezolimo, izimboni ze-petroleum namakhemikhali, neminye imikhakha.Ngokuqonda izimiso zamakhemikhali zama-surfactants, singaqonda kangcono ukusetshenziswa kwazo kanye nezindlela zokwenza emikhakheni eyahlukene.