Igikonoshwani ihuriro rikenewe kugirango imikurire ya crustaceans.Penaeus vannamei akeneye gushonga inshuro nyinshi mubuzima bwayo kugirango yuzuze urwego rwo gukura kwumubiri.

Ⅰ 、 Guhindura amategeko ya Penaeus vannamei

Umubiri wa Penaeus vannamei ugomba gushonga buri gihe kugirango ugere ku ntego yo gukura.Iyo ubushyuhe bwamazi ari 28 ℃, ibishishwa bito bishonga rimwe mumasaha 30 ~ 40;Amashu akiri mato apima 1 ~ 5g molt rimwe muminsi 4 ~ 6;Imashini iri hejuru ya 15g muri rusange gushonga rimwe mubyumweru 2.

、 Gusesengura ibimenyetso byinshi nibitera gushonga

1. Ibimenyetso byinshi byigihe cyo gushonga

Igikonoshwa cya shrimp kirakomeye cyane, gikunze kwitwa "urusenda rwicyuma".Ifite igifu cyuzuye cyangwa igifu gisigaye.Ntishobora kubona inzira y'amara neza, pigment hejuru yumubiri irimbitse, kandi ibara ry'umuhondo ryiyongera cyane.By'umwihariko, impande zombi za operculum ni umukara, umutuku n'umuhondo, filime ya gill yarabyimbye, yera, umuhondo n'umukara, kandi intambwe n'ibirenge bitwikiriye ibibara bitukura.Urucacagu rwa hepatopancreas rurasobanutse, ntabwo rwabyimbye cyangwa ruteye, kandi urutonde rw'umutima ntirusobanutse kandi rwumuhondo rwondo.

2. Shrimp mubusanzwe ifite ciliates nyinshi

Igikonoshwa cya shrimp ni uruhu rwibice bibiri, rushobora gukurwaho muguhindura uruhu witonze.Uruhu rworoshye cyane, rusanzwe ruzwi nka "impu ebyiri z'uruhu" cyangwa "Crispy Shrimp".Nibyoroshye, hamwe na melanine nyinshi hejuru yumubiri, kubyimba no gukomeretsa kwa gill filaments, cyane cyane umuhondo numukara.Amara yubusa nigifu, imbaraga nke.Kuryama ukiri hafi ya pisine cyangwa kuzerera hejuru y'amazi, byerekana ibimenyetso bya hypoxia.Yumva impinduka zidukikije, hamwe nimpinduka nke nubwiyongere bukabije bwimpfu.

3. Uburyo bworoshye bwo gushonga burashobora kugabanywa mubice bitatu bikurikira:

1) Mbere yo gushonga, bivuga igihe uhereye kumpera yanyuma yo gushonga kugeza intangiriro yo gushonga.Igihe kiratandukanye ukurikije uburebure bwumubiri, muri rusange hagati yiminsi 12 na 15.Muri kiriya gihe, Penaeus vannamei yakusanyije cyane imirire, cyane cyane calcium.

2) Gushonga, amasegonda make gusa kugeza kuminota irenga icumi.Gushonga bitwara imbaraga nyinshi.Niba urusenda rufite intege nke cyangwa kubura imirire mu mubiri, akenshi bishonga bituzuye kandi bigakora igishishwa cyibice bibiri.

3) Nyuma yo gushonga, bivuga igihe uruhu rushya ruhinduka kuva rworoshye rukomera, kandi igihe ni iminsi 2 ~ 1.5 (usibye ingemwe za shrimp).Igikonoshwa gishaje kimaze gufungwa, igishishwa gishya ntigishobora kubara mugihe, bityo kigakora "yoroshye ya shrimp shrimp".

4. Kwangirika kw'amazi meza no kubura imirire nibyo bitera indwara

Kwangirika kwubwiza bwamazi bikunze kugaragara mubidendezi bifite ibara ryinshi ryamazi, kandi umucyo uri hafi zeru.Hano hari firime ya peteroli hamwe numubare munini wa algae zapfuye hejuru yamazi, kandi rimwe na rimwe habaho guturika kwimpumuro y amafi hejuru yamazi.Muri iki gihe, algae iragwira ari myinshi, kandi umwuka wa ogisijeni ushonga hejuru y’amazi urenze urugero ku manywa;Mwijoro, umubare munini wa algae uhinduka ogisijeni itwara ogisijeni, bikavamo umwuka wa ogisijeni ushonga munsi yikidendezi, bigira ingaruka ku kugaburira urusenda no gushonga.Kumwanya muremure, igikonoshwa kirakomeye cyane.

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Ⅲ 、 Akamaro kaKalisiyumumugihe cyo gushonga Penaeus vannamei:

Kalisiyumu ibitswe mu mubiri wa shrimp iratakara cyane.Niba isi yo hanze ituzuye mugihe, Penaeus vannamei ntishobora gukuramo calcium itangwa numubiri wamazi, byoroshye gutera kunanirwa gushonga.Igikonoshwa gikomeye nyuma yo gushonga ni kirekire.Niba yibasiwe na bagiteri cyangwa ihangayitse muri iki gihe, biroroshye cyane gupfa mubice.Kubwibyo, dukwiye kuzuza calcium mumubiri wamazi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa artificiel.Shrimp irashobora kwinjiza calcium n'imbaraga mumubiri wamazi binyuze mubuhumekero no kwinjira mumubiri.

Potasiyumu itandukanye +Kalisiyumugufasha gufata amazi no kongeramo calcium ntibishobora gufasha penaeus vannamei gusa gushonga neza, ariko kandi bikabuza bagiteri no kurwanya imihangayiko, bityo bikazamura inyungu zubuhinzi bwimbuto.