Shellingchinhu chinodiwa chekukura kwekrustaceans.Penaeus vannamei inoda kunyungudika kakawanda muhupenyu hwayo kuti isangane nechiyero chekukura kwemuviri.

Ⅰ、 Kunyura mitemo yePenaeus vannamei

Muviri waPenaeus vannamei unofanirwa kunyungudika nguva nenguva kuitira kuti uwane chinangwa chekukura.Kana tembiricha yemvura iri 28 ℃, diki shrimps molt kamwe mu30 ~ 40 maawa;Shrimp diki dzinorema 1 ~ 5g molt kamwe mumazuva 4 ~ 6;Maprawn anopfuura 15g anowanzo molt kamwe chete pamavhiki maviri.

Ⅱ, Kuongororwa kwezviratidzo zvakawanda uye zvikonzero zvekunyunguduka

1. Zviratidzo zvakawanda zvekunyunguduka nguva

Iyo shell ye shrimp yakaoma zvakanyanya, inowanzozivikanwa se "iron skin shrimp".Iine dumbu risina chinhu kana dumbu rasara.Haikwanise kuona turakiti remukati zvakajeka, iyo pigment pamusoro pemuviri yakadzika, uye yero pigment inowedzera zvakanyanya.Kunyanya, mativi ose e-operculum madema, tsvuku uye yero, gill filaments inoputika, yakachena, yero uye yakasviba, uye matanho netsoka zvakafukidzwa nemavara matsvuku.Rondedzero yehepatopancreas yakajeka, kwete kuzvimba kana atrophic, uye ratidziro yenzvimbo yemoyo haina kujeka uye ine madhaka yero.

2. Shrimp kazhinji ine ciliates dzakawanda

Iyo shell ye shrimp iganda-raviri-ganda, rinogona kubviswa nekumonyanisa ganda zvinyoro.Ganda racho harina kusimba, rinowanzozivikanwa se "double skin shrimp" kana "Crispy Shrimp".Itete, ine melanin yakawanda pamusoro pemuviri, kuzvimba uye maronda egill filaments, kazhinji yero uye dema.Ura husina chinhu uye mudumbu, simba risina simba.Kurara wakanyarara pedyo nedziva kana kutenderera pamusoro pemvura, kuratidza zviratidzo zve hypoxia.Inonzwa kune shanduko yezvakatipoteredza, nekuchinja kudiki uye kuwedzera kukuru kwekufa.

3. Iyo yakatsetseka molting process inogona kukamurwa zvakaganhurwa mumatanho matatu anotevera:

1) Isati yanyunguduka, inoreva nguva kubva pakupera kwekunyungudika kwekupedzisira kusvika pakutanga kwekunyungudika kunotevera.Nguva inosiyana zvichienderana nehurefu hwemuviri, kazhinji pakati pe12 ne15 mazuva.Munguva iyi, Penaeus vannamei ainyanya kuunganidza zvinovaka muviri, kunyanya calcium.

2) Molting, masekondi mashoma kusvika anopfuura maminetsi gumi.Molting inopedza simba rakawanda.Kana shrimp isina kusimba kana kushomeka kwekudya kunovaka muviri, kazhinji inonyungudika zvisina kukwana uye inoumba kaviri-layer goko.

3) Mushure mokunyunguduka, inoreva nguva iyo ganda idzva rinoshanduka kubva kune rakapfava kusvika kune rakaoma, uye nguva inenge 2 ~ 1.5 mazuva (kunze kwe shrimp mbesa).Mushure mekunge goko rekare radzimwa, goko idzva harigone kuverengera nenguva, nokudaro richigadzira "soft shell shrimp".

4. Kuderera kwehutano hwemvura uye kushayikwa kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri ndizvo zvinonyanya kukonzera chirwere

Kushata kwemhando yemvura kunowanzoitika mumadziva ane ruvara rwakanyanya rwemvura, uye kujeka kunenge zero.Kune mafirimu emafuta uye nhamba huru yealgae yakafa pamusoro pemvura, uye dzimwe nguva kune kuputika kwekunhuhwirira kwehove pamusoro pemvura.Panguva ino, algae inowedzera muhuwandu hukuru, uye okisijeni yakanyungudutswa pamusoro pemvura inoputika mukati mezuva;Husiku, huwandu hukuru hwealgae hunova chinhu chinopedza okisijeni, zvichikonzera okisijeni yakanyungudika pasi pedziva, iyo inokanganisa kudyisa shrimp uye kunyungudika.Kwenguva yakareba, ganda rakaoma zvikuru.

5. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye chepfu yekunze inogona kukonzeresa kunyunguduka kwe shrimp, inovawo chikonzero chekuumbwa kwe "double skin shrimp" uye "soft shell shrimp".

Ⅲ, Kukosha kwecalcium supplementationpanguva yekuumbwa kwePenaeus vannamei:

Iyo calcium yakachengetwa mumuviri we shrimp yakarasika zvakanyanya.Kana nyika yekunze isingawedzerwi munguva, Penaeus vannamei haigoni kutora calcium inopiwa nemuviri wemvura, izvo zviri nyore kukonzera kukanganisa kwe shrimp molting.Iyo yakaoma goko nguva mushure mekunyunguduka yakarebesa.Kana ikarwiswa nebhakitiriya kana kusimbiswa panguva ino, zviri nyore kwazvo kufa muzvikwata.Nokudaro, tinofanira kuwedzera karusiyamu mumuviri wemvura nenzira dzekugadzira.Shrimp inogona kutora calcium uye simba mumuviri wemvura kuburikidza nekufema uye kupinda kwemuviri.

Potassium diformate +calcium propionatekubatsira mvura sterilization uye calcium supplement haigoni kungobatsira penaeus vannamei kuti iite molt zvakanaka, asiwo inhibit mabhakitiriya uye kudzivisa kushungurudzika, nokudaro kuvandudza zvikomborero zvekurima shrimp.