Potasuma dicarboxylateʻO ia ka ulu mua ʻole antibiotic e hoʻolaha ana i ka meaʻai meaʻai i ʻae ʻia e ka European Union.He hui ia o ka potassium dicarboxylate a me ka waika formic ma o ka pilina hydrogen intermolecular.Hoʻohana nui ia i nā puaʻa a me ka ulu ʻana i nā puaʻa hoʻopau.Ua hōʻike ʻia nā hopena o ka hoʻokolohua hānai ʻana i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka potassium dicarboxylate i ka ʻai puaʻa hiki ke hoʻonui nui i ka piʻi kaumaha o nā puaʻa a hoʻemi i ka nui o nā make ma muli o ka maʻi bacteria.ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka potassium dicarboxylate i ka hānai pipi hiki ke hoʻonui i ka hua waiū o nā bipi.

I loko o kēia haʻawina, ʻokoʻa nā doses oʻo ka pāhana dicarboxylateua hoʻohui ʻia i ka hānai ʻana o ka protein haʻahaʻa Penaeus vannamei, i mea e ʻimi ai i kahi mea hoʻoulu ulu ulu maikaʻi a pili i ke kaiapuni.

Nā mea a me nā ʻano hana

1.1 hānai hoʻokolohua

Hōʻike ʻia ke ʻano meaʻai hoʻokolohua a me nā hopena o ka nānā ʻana i kemika ma ka Papa 1. Aia ʻekolu pūʻulu o ka meaʻai ma ka hoʻokolohua, a ʻo nā mea i loko o ka potassium dicarboxylate he 0%, 0.8% a me 1.5% pakahi.

1.2 ʻōpae hoʻokolohua

ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kino mua o Penaeus vannamei he (57.0 ± 3.3) mg) C. Ua māhele ʻia ka hoʻokolohua i ʻekolu pūʻulu me ʻekolu paʻi i kēlā me kēia hui.

1.3 hale hanai

Hana ʻia ka moʻomeheu ʻōpae i loko o nā hīnaʻi ʻupena me ka kikoʻī o 0.8 mx 0.8 mx 0.8 M. ua hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā hīnaʻi ʻupena a pau i loko o kahi wai puna sima e kahe ana (1.2 m kiʻekiʻe, 16.0 m ke anawaena).

1.4 hoʻokolohua hānai ʻana i ka format potassium

ʻEkolu mau pūʻulu meaʻai (0%, 0.8% a me 1.5% potassium dicarboxylate) i hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia hui ma hope o ke kaupaona ʻana he 30 mau ʻāpana / pahu.ʻO ka nui o ka hānaiʻana he 15% o ke kaumaha o ke kino mua mai ka lā 1 a hiki i ka lā 10, 25% mai ka lā 11 a hiki i ka lā 30, a me 35% mai ka lā 31 a hiki i ka lā 40. Ua mau ka hoʻokolohua no nā lā 40.ʻO ka mahana o ka wai he 22.0-26.44 ℃ a ʻo ka salinity he 15. Ma hope o 40 mau lā, ua kaupaona ʻia ke kaumaha o ke kino a helu ʻia, a me ke kaumaha.

2.2 hopena

Wahi a ka hoʻokolohua o ka nui o ka stocking, ʻo ka nui o ka nui o ka stocking density he 30 iʻa / pahu.ʻO ka helu ola o ka pūʻulu hoʻomalu he (92.2 ± 1.6)%, aʻo ka helu ola o ka 0.8% potassium diformate pūʻulu he 100%;Eia naʻe, ua emi ka helu ola o Penaeus vannamei i (86.7 ± 5.4)%, ke piʻi ka pae hoʻohui i 1.5%.Ua hōʻike pū ka helu hānai i ke ʻano like.

3 kūkākūkā

Ma kēia hoʻokolohua, hiki i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka potassium diformate ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka loaʻa o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka helu ola o Penaeus vannamei.Hoʻopuka ʻia ka manaʻo like i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka potassium dicarboxylate i ka hānai puaʻa.Ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohui ʻana o 0.8% potassium diformate i loko o ka hānai ʻōpae a Penaeus vannamei.ʻO Roth et al.(1996) i ka hoʻohui meaʻai maikaʻi loa i ka hānai puaʻa, ʻo ia ka 1.8% i ka hānai hoʻomaka, 1.2% i ka hānai wean a me 0.6% i ka ulu ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā puaʻa.

ʻO ke kumu e hiki ai i ka potassium dicarboxylate ke hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana, ʻo ka potassium dicarboxylate hiki ke hōʻea i ka ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū nāwaliwali ma o ka hānai ʻana i ka ʻōpū o ka holoholona i kahi ʻano piha, a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka waikawa formic a me ka formate, e hōʻike ana i ka hopena bacteriostatic a me ka bactericidal ikaika, e hōʻike ana i ka ʻōpū o ka holoholona. sterile", no laila e hōʻike ana i ka hopena hoʻoulu ulu.