Ubworozi no kunoza ingurube zigezweho bikorwa ukurikije ibyo abantu bakeneye.Intego ni ugukora ingurube kurya bike, gukura vuba, kubyara byinshi no kugira igipimo cyinyama kinini.Biragoye kubidukikije byujuje ibyo bisabwa, birakenewe rero gukora neza mubidukikije!

Kubika ubukonje n'ubushyuhe, kugenzura ubuhehere bwumye, sisitemu y’imyanda, ubwiza bw’ikirere mu nzu y’amatungo, sisitemu y’ibikoresho, uburyo bwo kugaburira, ubwiza bw’ibikoresho, imicungire y’umusaruro, ibiryo n’imirire, ikoranabuhanga ryororoka n'ibindi byose bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y’umusaruro n’ubuzima bwa ingurube.

Ibihe turimo duhura nabyo ni uko hari ibyorezo byinshi by’ingurube, inkingo nyinshi n’imiti y’amatungo, kandi biragoye cyane korora ingurube.Ubworozi bwinshi bw'ingurube buracyafite inyungu cyangwa igihombo mugihe isoko ryingurube rigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru kandi rimara igihe kirekire.

Ntabwo rero twabura gutekereza ku buryo ubu buryo bwo guhangana n’indwara y’ibyorezo by’ingurube ari byo cyangwa niba icyerekezo ari kibi.Tugomba gutekereza ku ntandaro y’indwara mu nganda zingurube.Ni ukubera ko virusi na bagiteri bikomeye cyane cyangwa itegeko nshinga ryingurube rikaba ridakomeye?

Ubu rero inganda zirimo kwitondera cyane imikorere idasanzwe yubudahangarwa yingurube!

Ibintu bigira ingaruka kumikorere yubudahangarwa yingurube:

1. Imirire

Muburyo bwo kwandura indwara, sisitemu yubudahangarwa yinyamaswa zirakorwa, umubiri ugahuza umubare munini wa cytokine, ibintu bya chimique, proteine ​​acute fonction, antibodies immunite, nibindi, umuvuduko wa metabolike wongerewe cyane, ubushyuhe bwiyongera kandi ubushyuhe bwumubiri bwiyongereye, busaba intungamubiri nyinshi.

Ubwa mbere, umubare munini wa aside amine irakenewe kugirango uhuze poroteyine, antibodies nibindi bintu bikora mugice gikaze, bigatuma kwiyongera kwa poroteyine byumubiri no gusohoka kwa azote.Muburyo bwo kwandura indwara, gutanga aside amine ahanini bituruka ku kwangirika kwa poroteyine z'umubiri kuko ubushake bwo kurya no gufata inyamaswa bigabanuka cyane cyangwa bikisonzesha.Kongera imbaraga za metabolisme byanze bikunze byongera vitamine nibintu bya trike.

Ku rundi ruhande, imbogamizi z’indwara z’ibyorezo zitera guhagarika umutima mu nyamaswa, bikabyara umubare munini wa radicals yubusa no kongera ikoreshwa rya antioxydants (VE, VC, Se, nibindi).

Mu guhangana n’indwara z’ibyorezo, metabolism y’inyamaswa irongerwa, hakenerwa intungamubiri ziyongera, kandi ikwirakwizwa ry’intungamubiri z’inyamaswa rihinduka kuva mu mikurire no ku budahangarwa.Izi ngaruka ziterwa ninyamaswa zigomba kurwanya indwara zibyorezo kandi zikabaho uko bishoboka kwose, ibyo bikaba ibisubizo byubwihindurize bwigihe kirekire cyangwa guhitamo kamere.Ariko, mugihe cyo gutoranya ibihimbano, uburyo bwo guhinduranya ingurube muguhura nindwara zicyorezo butandukana nuburyo bwo gutoranya kamere.

Mu myaka yashize, iterambere ry’ubworozi bw’ingurube ryazamuye cyane ubushobozi bw’ingurube n’ikura ry’inyama zinanutse.Ingurube nk'izo zimaze kwandura, uburyo bwo gukwirakwiza intungamubiri ziboneka burahinduka ku rugero runaka: intungamubiri zagenewe sisitemu y’umubiri zigabanuka ndetse nintungamubiri zagenewe gukura zikiyongera.

Mubihe byubuzima bwiza, mubisanzwe nibyiza mugutezimbere umusaruro (korora ingurube bikorwa mubihe byiza cyane), ariko mugihe uhuye nindwara zibyorezo, ingurube nkizo zifite ubudahangarwa buke nimpfu nyinshi kurenza ubwoko bwa kera (ingurube zaho mubushinwa zikura buhoro, ariko kurwanya indwara zabo birarenze cyane ingurube zamahanga zigezweho).

Gukomeza kwibanda ku guhitamo kunoza imikorere yo gukura byahinduye genetike ikwirakwizwa ryintungamubiri, bigomba kwigomwa imirimo itari gukura.Kubwibyo rero, korora ingurube zidafite imbaraga nyinshi zishobora gutanga umusaruro mwinshi, cyane cyane mukibazo cyindwara zibyorezo, kugirango habeho itangwa ryimirire, kugirango habe intungamubiri zihagije zo gukingira, kandi ingurube zishobora gutsinda indwara zibyorezo.

Mugihe habaye umuvuduko muke wo korora ingurube cyangwa ingorane zubukungu mu bworozi bwingurube, gabanya ibiryo byingurube.Icyorezo kimaze kwibasirwa, ingaruka zishobora kuba mbi.

2. Shimangira

Guhangayikishwa no gusenya imiterere yingurube kandi byongera ibyago byo kwandura ingurube.

Stressbiganisha ku kwiyongera kwa radicals yubusa kandi isenya uburyo bwimikorere ya selile.Ubushobozi bwimikorere ya selile bwiyongereye, ibyo bikaba byarafashaga cyane kwinjira muri bagiteri;Guhangayika biganisha ku gushimishwa na sisitemu yo kuvura impuhwe za adrenal, guhora kwangirika kw'imitsi y'amaraso, ischemia mucosal, gukomeretsa hypoxic, isuri;Guhangayikishwa no gutera indwara ya metabolike, kwiyongera kwa aside aside yo mu nda no kwangirika kwa mucosal biterwa na aside selile;Guhangayikishwa no kwiyongera kwa glucocorticoid kandi glucocorticoid ibuza ururenda rwimitsi.

Guhangayikishwa byongera ibyago byo kwangiza ingurube.

Impamvu zinyuranye zitera umubiri gukora umubiri mwinshi wa ogisijeni yubusa, yangiza ingirabuzimafatizo ya endoteliyale, itera igiteranyo cya granulocyte yo mu mitsi, kwihutisha ishingwa rya microthrombose no kwangirika kwa selile, koroshya ikwirakwizwa rya virusi, no kongera ibyago byo kwangiza.

Guhangayika bigabanya kurwanya umubiri kandi byongera ibyago byo guhungabana mu ngurube.

Ku ruhande rumwe, amabwiriza ya endocrine mugihe cyo guhangayika azabuza sisitemu yumubiri, nka glucocorticoid igira ingaruka mbi kumikorere yumubiri;Ku rundi ruhande, kwiyongera kwa radicals yubusa ya ogisijeni hamwe nimpamvu ziterwa no guhangayika ziterwa no guhangayika bizangiza mu buryo butaziguye ingirabuzimafatizo z'umubiri, bigatuma igabanuka ry’imisemburo y’umubiri ndetse n’isohoka ridahagije rya interferon, bikaviramo immunosuppression.

Kugaragara byihariye byo kugabanuka kwumudugudu:

Gusohora amaso, ahantu h'amarira, kuva amaraso inyuma nibindi bibazo bitatu byanduye

Kuva amaraso inyuma, uruhu rushaje nibindi bibazo byerekana ko sisitemu yambere yumubiri yumubiri, hejuru yumubiri hamwe na barrière ya mucosal yangiritse, bigatuma byoroshye kwanduza indwara mumubiri.

Intego ya plaque ya lacrimal nuko glande ya lacrimal idahwema gusohora amarira kugirango hirindwe kwandura virusi binyuze muri lysozyme.Icyapa cya Lacrimal cyerekana ko imikorere yinzitizi yumubiri wa mucosal igabanuka hejuru ya ocular yagabanutse, kandi na patogene ntabwo yakuweho burundu.Yerekanye kandi ko imwe cyangwa ebyiri za SIgA no kuzuza poroteyine muri mucosa ocular idahagije.

Kubiba imikorere itesha agaciro

Igipimo cyo kurandura imbuto zabitswe ni kinini cyane, kubiba batwite gukuramo inda, kubyara impfu, mumyiyumu, ingurube zintege nke, nibindi;

Intera ndende kandi usubire muri estrus nyuma yo konka;Amata y’imbuto yonsa yagabanutse, ubudahangarwa bw’ingurube zikivuka bwari bubi, umusaruro uratinda, kandi impiswi yari myinshi.

Hariho sisitemu ya mucosal mubice byose byimbuto, harimo amabere, inzira yigifu, nyababyeyi, inzira yimyororokere, impyiko zimpyiko, glande zuruhu nizindi subucosa, zifite imikorere yinzitizi nyinshi zo kwirinda indwara.

Fata ijisho nk'urugero:

① Ocular epithelial selile membrane hamwe na lipide isohoka hamwe nibigize amazi bigira inzitizi yumubiri kuri virusi.

②Antibacterialibice bisohoka na glande muri epitelium ya ocular mucosal, nk'amarira asohoka na glande ya lacrimal, arimo lysozyme nyinshi, ishobora kwica bagiteri kandi ikabuza imyororokere ya bagiteri, kandi ikora inzitizi yimiti itera virusi.

Op Macrophage na NK selile yica bisanzwe ikwirakwizwa mumazi ya tissue ya selile ya mucosal epithelial selile irashobora kwanduza virusi kandi ikanakuraho selile zanduye virusi, bikagira inzitizi yumubiri.

Uct Ubudahangarwa bwa mucosal bwaho bugizwe na immunoglobuline SIgA isohorwa na selile plasma ikwirakwizwa mubice bihuza ibice bya subepithelial layer ya ocular mucosa kandi byuzuza poroteyine ihuye nubunini bwayo.

Byahoubudahangarwa bw'umubiriifite uruhare runini murikwirinda indwara, irashobora gukuraho burundu virusi, guteza imbere ubuzima no kwirinda kwandura inshuro nyinshi.

Uruhu rushaje n'amarira y'imbuto byerekana kwangirika k'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri!

Ihame: imirire yuzuye nishingiro rikomeye;Kurinda umwijima no kwangiza kugirango ubuzima bugerweho;Kugabanya imihangayiko no gutuza ibidukikije imbere;Inkingo zifatika zo kwirinda indwara za virusi.

Kuki dushimangira kurinda umwijima no kwangiza mugutezimbere ubudahangarwa budasanzwe?

Umwijima ni umwe mu bagize sisitemu yo gukumira indwara.Ingirabuzimafatizo nshya nka macrophage, NK na NKT selile ninshi cyane mu mwijima.Macrophage na lymphocytes mu mwijima nurufunguzo rwubudahangarwa bw'umubiri hamwe n'ubudahangarwa bw'urwenya!Nubundi selile yibanze yubudahangarwa budasanzwe!Mirongo itandatu ku ijana ya macrophage mumubiri wose ikusanyiriza mu mwijima.Nyuma yo kwinjira mu mwijima, antigene nyinshi ziva mu mara zizamirwa kandi zisukure na macrophage (selile Kupffer) mu mwijima, kandi igice gito kizahanagurwa nimpyiko;Byongeye kandi, virusi nyinshi, bagiteri ya antigen antibody ya bagiteri nibindi bintu byangiza biva mu maraso bizamirwa kandi bisukure na selile Kupffer kugirango birinde ibyo bintu byangiza umubiri.Imyanda y'uburozi yatunganijwe n'umwijima igomba gusohoka mu mara ikajya mu mara, hanyuma igasohoka mu mubiri n'umwanda.

Nka metabolike ihindura intungamubiri, umwijima ugira uruhare rudasubirwaho muguhindura neza intungamubiri!

Iyo uhangayitse, ingurube zizongera metabolisme kandi zongere ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ingurube.Muri ubu buryo, radicals yubusa mu ngurube iziyongera cyane, izongera umutwaro wingurube kandi bigabanye kugabanuka kwubudahangarwa.Umusaruro wa radicals yubusa ufitanye isano neza nuburemere bwimbaraga za metabolisme, ni ukuvuga, uko metabolisme ikomera cyane yumubiri, niko hazavamo radicals yubuntu.Uko imbaraga za metabolisme zingirakamaro, niko bizoroha kandi bikomeye bazagabwaho na radicals yubuntu.Kurugero, umwijima urimo enzymes zitandukanye, zititabira gusa metabolisme ya karubone, proteyine, ibinure, vitamine na hormone, ariko kandi ifite imirimo yo kwangiza, gusohora, gusohora, kwanduza no gukingira indwara.Itanga radicals yubusa kandi yangiza cyane na radicals yubuntu.

Kubwibyo, kugirango tunoze ubudahangarwa budasanzwe, tugomba kwitondera kurinda umwijima no kwangiza ingurube!