Kuberekesa nekuvandudzwa kwenguruve dzemazuva ano kunoitwa maererano nezvinodiwa nevanhu.Chinangwa ndechekuita kuti nguruve dzidye zvishoma, dzikure nokukurumidza, dzibereke zvakawanda uye dzive nehuwandu hwenyama yakaonda.Zvakaoma kumamiriro ekunze kuti asangane nezvinodiwa izvi, saka zvinodikanwa kuita zvakanaka munzvimbo yekugadzira!

Iko kutonhora uye kuchengetedza kupisa, yakaoma humidity control, sewage system, mhando yemhepo mumba yezvipfuyo, logistics system, feeding system, mhando yemidziyo, manejimendi ekugadzira, chikafu uye chikafu, tekinoroji yekuberekesa uye zvichingodaro zvese zvinokanganisa kugadzirwa uye hutano mamiriro nguruve.

Mamiriro ezvinhu atiri kutarisana nawo iye zvino ndeokuti kune zvirwere zvakawanda zvenguruve, zvirwere zvakawanda uye mishonga yemhuka, uye zvakanyanya kuoma kupfuya nguruve.Mapurazi akawanda enguruve achiri asina purofiti kana kunyange kurasikirwa apo misika yenguruve yakasvika rekodhi yakakwirira uye yakagara kwenguva refu.

Ipapo isu hatigone kubatsira asi kufungisisa kuti nzira iripo yekubata nechirwere chenguruve yechokwadi here kana kuti kutungamira kwacho kwakaipa.Tinofanira kufungisisa pamusoro pezvikonzero zvinokonzera chirwere muindasitiri yenguruve.Imhaka yekuti hutachiona nemabhakitiriya zvakanyanya kusimba kana kuti bumbiro renguruve harina kusimba?

Saka ikozvino indasitiri iri kubhadhara zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kutarisisa kune isiri-yakananga immune basa yenguruve!

Zvinhu zvinokanganisa nonspecific immune function yenguruve:

1. Zvokudya zvinovaka muviri

Mukuita kwehutachiona hwepathogenic, immune system yemhuka inoitwa, muviri unogadzira huwandu hukuru hwema cytokines, makemikari zvinhu, acute phase mapuroteni, immune antibodies, nezvimwewo, chiyero che metabolic chinowedzerwa zvakanyanya, kugadzirwa kwekupisa kunowedzera uye. kupisa kwemuviri kunowedzera, izvo zvinoda zvakawanda zvekudya.

Kutanga, nhamba huru yeamino acids inodiwa kugadzira mapuroteni, masoja ekudzivirira chirwere uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinoshanda muchikamu cheacute, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kweprotein kurasikirwa uye nitrogen excretion.Mukuita kwehutachiona hwepathogenic, kupihwa kweamino acids kunonyanya kubva mukuora kweprotein yemuviri nekuti kudya uye kudya kwemhuka kunoderedzwa zvakanyanya kana kutsanya.Kuwedzeredzwa kwemasabolism kuchawedzera kudiwa kwemavhitamini uye kutsvaga zvinhu.

Kune rimwe divi, dambudziko rezvirwere zvedenda rinotungamira kune oxidative kusagadzikana mumhuka, kuburitsa huwandu hukuru hwemahara radicals uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwema antioxidants (VE, VC, Se, etc.).

Mudambudziko rechirwere chedenda, metabolism yemhuka inowedzerwa, kudiwa kwezvokudya kunowedzera, uye kugoverwa kwezvokudya zvemhuka kunochinjwa kubva pakukura kusvika kune kudzivirirwa.Aya maitiro emagetsi emhuka ndeekurwisa zvirwere zvedenda uye kurarama zvakanyanya sezvinobvira, zvinova mhedzisiro yekushanduka-shanduka kwenguva refu kana kusarudzwa kwechisikigo.Zvisinei, pasi pekusarudzwa kwechigadzirwa, maitiro emagetsi enguruve mumatambudziko echirwere chedenda anotsauka kubva pakutsvaga kwekusarudzwa kwezvisikwa.

Mumakore achangopfuura, kufambira mberi kwekubereka kwenguruve kwakavandudza zvikuru kukwanisa kwekukura kwenguruve uye kuwedzera kwekukura kwenyama yakaonda.Kana nguruve dzakadaro dzichinge dzabatwa nehutachiona, nzira yekugovera yezvokudya zviripo inoshanduka kune imwe nhanho: kudya kunogoverwa kukudzivirira muviri kunoderera uye kudya kunogoverwa kukura kunowedzera.

Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ane hutano, izvi zvinongobatsira kuvandudza kushanda kwekugadzira (kubereka kwenguruve kunoitwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ane hutano hwakanaka), asi kana ichipikiswa nehosha dzezvirwere, nguruve dzakadaro dzine kudzivirirwa kwakaderera uye kufa kwepamusoro kudarika marudzi ekare (nguruve dzemunharaunda muChina dzinokura zvishoma nezvishoma; asi kurwisana kwavo nechirwere kwakakwirira kudarika nguruve dzemazuva ano dzekunze).

Kuenderera mberi kwekutarisa pasarudzo yekuvandudza kukura kwekuita kwakashandura genetically kugoverwa kwezvinovaka muviri, izvo zvinofanirwa kupira mabasa kunze kwekukura.Naizvozvo, kurera nguruve dzakaonda dzine mukana wekugadzira wakakwira kunofanirwa kupa hutano hwepamusoro, kunyanya mukunetsa kwechirwere chedenda, kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekupihwa kwekudya kunovaka muviri, kuitira kuti kuve nekudya kwakakwana kwekudzivirira, uye nguruve dzinogona kukunda denda.

Kana paine kuderera kwemvura yekusimudza nguruve kana matambudziko ehupfumi mumapurazi enguruve, kuderedza kupihwa kwekudya kwenguruve.Kana denda racho rangobata, migumisiro yacho ingangove yakaipisisa.

2. Stress

Kushungurudzika kunoparadza mucosal chimiro chenguruve uye kunowedzera njodzi yehutachiona munguruve.

Stressinotungamira mukuwedzera kweokisijeni isina radicals uye inoparadza kupera kwesero membrane.Kupinda kwesero membrane kwakawedzera, izvo zvaive zvakanyanya kuita kuti mabhakitiriya apinde mumasero;Kushungurudzika kunotungamirira kumufaro wekunzwira tsitsi adrenal medullary system, kuenderera mberi kwekugadzirisa kwemidziyo ye visceral, mucosal ischemia, hypoxic kukuvara, kuputika kwemaronda;Kushungurudzika kunokonzera kukanganisa kwemagetsi, kuwedzera kwe intracellular acidic zvinhu uye mucosal kukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa ne cellular acidosis;Kushungurudzika kunotungamirira kuwedzera glucocorticoid secretion uye glucocorticoid inhibits mucosal cell regeneration.

Kushungurudzika kunowedzera njodzi yekubvisa huturu munguruve.

Zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinoshungurudza zvinoita kuti muviri ugadzire huwandu hukuru hweokisijeni isina radicals, iyo inokuvadza vascular endothelial masero, intravascular granulocyte aggregation, kukurumidza kuumbwa kwe microthrombosis uye endothelial cell kukuvara, kufambisa kupararira kwehutachiona, uye kuwedzera njodzi yekubvisa.

Kushungurudzika kunoderedza kusagadzikana kwemuviri uye kunowedzera njodzi yekusagadzikana munguruve.

Kune rumwe rutivi, endocrine regulation panguva yekushungurudzika ichadzivisa maitiro ezvirwere zvemuviri, zvakadai seglucocorticoid ine inhibitory effect pamabasa ekudzivirira muviri;Kune rumwe rutivi, kuwedzera kweokisijeni isina radicals uye pro-inflammatory zvinhu zvinokonzerwa nekushungurudzika kunokuvadza zvakananga masero ekudzivirira, zvichiita kuti kuderera kwehuwandu hwemasero ekudzivirira uye kusakwana kwekudzivirira kwe interferon, zvichiita kuti immunosuppression.

Zvakananga kuratidzwa kwe nonspecific immune immune:

● tsvina yemaziso, mavanga emisodzi, kubuda ropa kumusana uye mamwe matambudziko matatu ane tsvina

Kubuda ropa kumashure, ganda rekare uye mamwe matambudziko anoratidza kuti immune system yekutanga, muviri wepamusoro uye mucosal barriers zvakakuvadzwa, zvichikonzera kupinda nyore kwehutachiona mumuviri.

Izvo zvakakosha zvelacrimal plaque ndezvekuti lacrimal gland inoramba ichiburitsa misodzi kudzivirira humwe hutachiona hwehutachiona kuburikidza nelysozyme.Lacrimal plaque inoratidza kuti basa remukati mucosal immune barriers paziso reziso rakaderedzwa, uye pathogen haina kubviswa zvachose.Yakaratidzawo kuti imwe kana maviri eSIgA uye anozadzisa mapuroteni muocular mucosa akanga asina kukwana.

● kudyara kukanganisa kwekuita

Mwero wekubvisa nguruve dzakachengetwa dzakanyanya, nguruve dzine pamuviri dzinobvisa, kubereka vana vakafa, mummies, nguruve dzisina simba, nezvimwe;

Kurebesa estrous interval uye kudzokera kuestrus mushure mekurumurwa;Hunhu hwemukaka hwemhodzi dzinoyamwisa hwakadzikira, kusadzivirirwa kwenguruve dzichangozvarwa kwainge kwakashata, kugadzirwa kwacho kwainonoka, uye manyoka aive akakwira.

Kune mucosal system mune ese mucosal zvikamu zvenguruve, kusanganisira zamu, digestive turakiti, chibereko, kubereka turakiti, renal tubules, ganda glands uye mamwe submucosa, iyo ine multi-level immune chipingamupinyi basa kudzivirira pathogen utachiona.

Tora ziso semuenzaniso:

① Ocular epithelial cell membrane uye yakavanzika lipid uye zvikamu zvemvura zvinoumba chipingamupinyi chemuviri kune hutachiona.

②Antibacterialzvikamu zvakavanzwa nemaronda muocular mucosal epithelium, semisodzi yakavanzwa nelacrimal glands, ine lysozyme yakawanda, iyo inogona kuuraya bhakitiriya uye inodzivisa kubereka kwebhakitiriya, uye inogadzira chemikari inodzivirira kune zvirwere.

③ Macrophages uye NK masero emuurayi echisikigo akagoverwa mumvura yetishu ye mucosal epithelial masero anogona phagocytize utachiona uye kubvisa masero ane utachiona nehutachiona, achigadzira immune cell barriers.

④ Iyo yemuno mucosal immunity inoumbwa ne immunoglobulin SIgA yakavanzwa nemaseru eplasma akagoverwa mukubatanidza tishu ye subepithelial layer yeocular mucosa uye inoenderana neprotein inoenderana nehuwandu hwayo.

Localmucosal immunityinoita basa rinokosha mukudzivirira muviri, iyo inogona pakupedzisira kubvisa zvirwere, kukurudzira kupora kwehutano uye kudzivirira hutachiona hunodzokororwa.

Iyo yekare ganda uye kubvarura mavara emhodzi anoratidza kukuvadzwa kweiyo mucosal immunity!

Nheyo: kudya kwakakwana uye nheyo yakasimba;Kudzivirirwa kwechiropa uye detoxification kuvandudza hutano;Deredza kushushikana uye kudzikamisa nharaunda yemukati;Kudzivirira kunonzwisisika kudzivirira zvirwere zvehutachiona.

Sei isu tichiisa kukosha pakudzivirira chiropa uye detoxification mukuvandudza kusiri-chaiyo kusadzivirirwa?

Chiropa chimwe chenhengo dze immune barriers system.Innate immune cell senge macrophages, NK uye NKT masero ndiwo akawandisa muchiropa.Macrophages uye lymphocytes muchiropa ndiyo kiyi yekusadzivirirwa kweserura uye humoral immunity zvichiteerana!Ndiro zvakare sero rekutanga reisingaonekwi immunity!Zvikamu makumi matanhatu kubva muzana zvemacrophage mumuviri wose zvinoungana muchiropa.Mushure mekupinda muchiropa, maantigen akawanda kubva mumatumbo achamedzwa uye anocheneswa ne macrophages (Kupffer cells) muchiropa, uye chikamu chiduku chichacheneswa neitsvo;Mukuwedzera, mavhairasi mazhinji, mabhakitiriya antigen antibody complexes uye zvimwe zvinhu zvinokuvadza kubva mukutenderera kweropa zvichamedzwa uye kucheneswa nemasero eKupffer kudzivirira izvi zvinokuvadza kubva pakukuvadza muviri.Tsvina ine muchetura yakacheneswa nechiropa inoda kuburitswa kubva mubile kuenda muura, yozoburitswa mumuviri netsvina.

Senzvimbo yekuchinja kwemetabolism yezvikafu, chiropa chinoita basa risingadzoreki mukushandurwa kwakatsetseka kwezvinovaka muviri!

Pasi pekunetseka, nguruve dzinowedzera metabolism uye inovandudza anti stress kugona kwenguruve.Muchiitiko ichi, mahara radicals munguruve achawedzera zvakanyanya, izvo zvichawedzera mutoro wenguruve uye zvinotungamirira kuderera kwekudzivirira.Kugadzirwa kwemahara radicals kwakabatana nekusimba kwesimba metabolism, ndiko kuti, iyo yakanyanya simba metabolism yemuviri, iyo yakawanda yemahara radicals inogadzirwa.Iyo yakanyanya kusimba iyo metabolism yenhengo, iyo iri nyore uye yakasimba ivo vanozorwiswa nemahara radicals.Semuenzaniso, chiropa chine ma enzymes akasiyana-siyana, ayo asingangobatanidzi chete mumetabolism yemakhahydrates, mapuroteni, mafuta, mavitamini uye mahomoni, asiwo ane mabasa e detoxification, secretion, excretion, coagulation uye kudzivirirwa.Inoburitsa mamwe mahara radicals uye inokuvadza zvakanyanya nemahara radicals.

Naizvozvo, kuti tivandudze kusadzivirirwa kwakananga, tinofanira kutarisisa kuchengetedzwa kwechiropa uye detoxification yenguruve!