Ukuzalaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezingulube zesimanje kwenziwa ngokwezidingo zomuntu.Umgomo uwukwenza izingulube zidle kancane, zikhule ngokushesha, zikhiqize kakhulu futhi zibe nenani eliphezulu lenyama engenamafutha.Kunzima ukuthi imvelo yemvelo ihlangabezane nalezi zidingo, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukwenza kahle endaweni yokwenziwa!

Ukugcinwa kokupholisa nokushisa, ukulawulwa komswakama owomile, uhlelo lokukhucululwa kwendle, izinga lomoya endlini yemfuyo, uhlelo lokugcinwa kwempahla, uhlelo lokudla, ikhwalithi yemishini, ukuphathwa kokukhiqiza, ukudla nokudla, ubuchwepheshe bokuzalanisa nokunye konke kuthinta ukusebenza kokukhiqiza kanye nesimo sezempilo. izingulube.

Isimo samanje esibhekene naso ngesokuthi ziyanda izifo eziwubhubhane zezingulube, ziyanda imigomo nemithi yezilwane, futhi kuba nzima kakhulu ukufuya izingulube.Amapulazi amaningi ezingulube asenayo inzuzo noma ngisho nokulahlekelwa lapho imakethe yezingulube isifinyelele irekhodi eliphezulu futhi yahlala isikhathi eside kakhulu.

Khona-ke ngeke sikwazi ukuzibamba kodwa sicabange ukuthi indlela yamanje yokubhekana nesifo esiwumqedazwe wezingulube ilungile yini noma ukuthi isiqondiso asilungile yini.Kudingeka sicabange ngezimbangela zalesi sifo embonini yezingulube.Ingabe kungenxa yokuthi igciwane kanye namagciwane kunamandla kakhulu noma umthethosisekelo wezingulube ubuthakathaka kakhulu?

Ngakho-ke manje imboni ikhokha kakhulu futhi igxile ekusebenzeni okungaqondile komzimba wezingulube!

Izinto ezithinta ukusebenza kokuzivikela komzimba okungaqondile kwezingulube:

1. Ukudla okunomsoco

Enqubweni yokutheleleka kwe-pathogenic, amasosha omzimba ezilwane ayasebenza, umzimba uhlanganisa inani elikhulu lama-cytokines, izici zamakhemikhali, amaprotheni esigaba esibucayi, amasosha omzimba, njll., izinga lomzimba liyathuthukiswa kakhulu, ukukhiqizwa kokushisa kuyanda futhi izinga lokushisa lomzimba liyenyuka, okudinga izakhi eziningi.

Okokuqala, inani elikhulu lama-amino acid liyadingeka ukuze kuhlanganiswe amaprotheni, amasosha omzimba nezinye izinto ezisebenzayo esigabeni esibucayi, okuholela ekwandeni kokulahleka kwamaprotheni omzimba kanye nokuphuma kwenitrogen.Enqubweni yokutheleleka nge-pathogenic, ukuhlinzekwa kwama-amino acid ikakhulukazi kuvela ekuwohlokeni kwamaprotheni omzimba ngoba isifiso sokudla nokudla kwezilwane kuncipha kakhulu noma ngisho nokuzila ukudla.I-metabolism ethuthukisiwe izokwandisa nakanjani isidingo samavithamini kanye nezakhi zokulandelela.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, inselele yezifo eziwubhubhane iholela ekucindezelekeni kwe-oxidative ezilwaneni, ukukhiqiza inani elikhulu lama-radicals mahhala nokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwama-antioxidants (VE, VC, Se, njll.).

Enseleleni yesifo esiwumqedazwe, umzimba wezilwane uyathuthukiswa, isidingo somsoco siyakhula, futhi ukwabiwa kwezakhi zezilwane kuyashintshwa kusukela ekukhuleni kuya ekuvikelekeni komzimba.Lokhu kusabela kwe-metabolic kwezilwane ukumelana nezifo eziwubhubhane futhi ziphile ngangokunokwenzeka, okuwumphumela wokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwesikhathi eside noma ukukhethwa kwemvelo.Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kokukhethwa okwenziwayo, iphethini ye-metabolic yezingulube enseleleni yesifo esiwumqedazwe iyaphambuka endleleni yokukhethwa kwemvelo.

Eminyakeni yakamuva, inqubekelaphambili yokuzalanisa izingulube ithuthukise kakhulu amandla okukhula kwezingulube kanye nezinga lokukhula kwenyama engenamafutha.Uma lezi zingulube sezithelelekile, indlela yokusabalalisa imisoco etholakalayo ishintsha ngokwezinga elithile: imisoco eyabelwe amasosha omzimba iyancipha futhi imisoco eyabelwe ukukhula iyakhula.

Ngaphansi kwezimo ezinempilo, lokhu kuzuzisa ngokwemvelo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhiqiza (ukuzalaniswa kwezingulube kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezinempilo kakhulu), kodwa lapho inselele yezifo eziwumqedazwe, izingulube ezinjalo zinokuzivikela okuphansi kanye nokufa okuphezulu kunezinhlobo ezindala (izingulube zendawo e-China zikhula kancane, kodwa ukumelana nezifo zabo kuphakeme kakhulu kunezingulube zangaphandle zanamuhla).

Ukugxila okuqhubekayo ekukhethweni kokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokukhula kuguqule izakhi zofuzo ukusatshalaliswa kwemisoco, okumele idele imisebenzi ngaphandle kokukhula.Ngakho-ke, ukukhulisa izingulube ezithambile ezinekhono eliphezulu lokukhiqiza kufanele kunikeze izinga eliphezulu lokudla okunomsoco, ikakhulukazi enseleleni yezifo eziwumqedazwe, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukutholakala kokudla okunomsoco, ukuze kube nemisoco eyanele yokugoma, futhi izingulube zinganqoba izifo eziwubhubhane.

Uma kunegagasi eliphansi lokukhuliswa kwezingulube noma ubunzima bezomnotho emapulazini ezingulube, nciphisa ukudla kwezingulube.Lapho umqedazwe usugadla, imiphumela ingase ibe yinhlekelele.

2. Ukucindezeleka

Ukucindezeleka kubhubhisa ukwakheka kwe-mucosal yezingulube futhi kwandisa ingozi yokutheleleka ezingulubeni.

Ukucindezelekakuholela ekwandeni kwama-radicals angenawo umoya-mpilo futhi kucekele phansi ulwelwesi lwamaseli.Ukungena kwe-membrane yamangqamuzana kwanda, okwakungcono kakhulu ekungeneni kwamagciwane kumaseli;Ukucindezeleka kuholela ekusaseni kwesistimu ye-adrenal medullary enozwela, ukufinyela okuqhubekayo kwemikhumbi ye-visceral, i-mucosal ischemia, ukulimala kwe-hypoxic, ukuguguleka kwezilonda;Ukucindezeleka kuholela ekuphazamisekeni kwe-metabolic, ukwanda kwe-intracellular acidic acid kanye nokulimala kwe-mucosal okubangelwa i-acidosis yeselula;Ukucindezeleka kuholela ekwandeni kwe-glucocorticoid secretion kanye ne-glucocorticoid ivimbela ukuvuselelwa kwamaseli e-mucosal.

Ukucindezeleka kwandisa ingozi yokuqeda ubuthi ezingulubeni.

Izici ezihlukahlukene zokucindezeleka zenza umzimba ukhiqize inqwaba yama-radicals angenawo umoya-mpilo, alimaza amangqamuzana e-vascular endothelial, afake i-intravascular granulocyte aggregation, asheshise ukwakheka kwe-microthrombosis kanye nokulimala kwamangqamuzana e-endothelial, kube lula ukusabalala kwegciwane, futhi andise ingozi yokuqeda ubuthi.

Ukucindezeleka kunciphisa ukumelana nomzimba futhi kwandisa ingozi yokungazinzi ezingulubeni.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukulawulwa kwe-endocrine ngesikhathi sokucindezeleka kuzovimbela amasosha omzimba, njenge-glucocorticoid inomphumela ovimbelayo ekusebenzeni komzimba;Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwanda kwama-radicals angenawo umoya-mpilo kanye nezici ezikhuthaza ukuvuvukala ezibangelwa ukucindezeleka kuzolimaza ngokuqondile amangqamuzana omzimba omzimba, okuholela ekunciphiseni kwenani lamangqamuzana omzimba omzimba kanye nokukhiqizwa okunganele kwe-interferon, okuholela ekuvimbeleni ukuzivikela komzimba.

Ukubonakaliswa okuqondile kokuncipha okungaqondile kokuzivikela komzimba:

● indle yamehlo, amabala okukhala, ukopha emhlane nezinye izinkinga ezintathu ezingcolile

Ukopha emuva, isikhumba esidala nezinye izinkinga zibonisa ukuthi amasosha omzimba okuqala, indawo yomzimba kanye nesithiyo se-mucosal sonakalisiwe, okuholela ekungeneni kalula kwamagciwane emzimbeni.

Ingqikithi ye-lacrimal plaque ukuthi indlala ye-lacrimal ihlale ikhipha izinyembezi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okwengeziwe kwamagciwane nge-lysozyme.I-Lacrimal plaque ibonisa ukuthi umsebenzi we-mucosal immune barrier wendawo endaweni ye-ocular uyancipha, futhi i-pathogen ayizange isuswe ngokuphelele.Iphinde yabonisa ukuthi eyodwa noma ezimbili ze-SIgA kanye namaprotheni ahambisanayo ku-ocular mucosa ayenganele.

● hlwanyela ukwehla kokusebenza

Izinga lokuqedwa kwengulube yengulube liphezulu kakhulu, ingulube ekhulelwe ikhipha isisu, izale izingane ezishonile, izidumbu, izingulube ezibuthakathaka, njll;

Isikhathi eside se-estrous nokubuyela ku-estrus ngemva kokulunyulwa;Izinga lobisi lwezingulube ezincelisayo lehla, ukuvikeleka kwezingulube ezisanda kuzalwa kwakumpofu, ukukhiqizwa kwakuhamba kancane, futhi izinga lohudo laliphezulu.

Kukhona uhlelo lwe-mucosal kuzo zonke izingxenye ze-mucosal zezingulube, okuhlanganisa isifuba, umgudu wokugaya ukudla, isibeletho, umgudu wokuzala, ama-renal tubules, izindlala zesikhumba nezinye i-submucosa, enomsebenzi wokuvinjelwa kwamasosha omzimba amaningi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-pathogen.

Thatha iso njengesibonelo:

① I-Ocular epithelial cell membrane kanye ne-lipid eyimfihlo nezingxenye zayo zamanzi zakha umgoqo obonakalayo kumagciwane.

②I-antibacterializingxenye ezikhiqizwe yizindlala ku-ocular mucosal epithelium, njengezinyembezi ezikhiqizwe yizindlala ze-lacrimal, ziqukethe inani elikhulu le-lysozyme, elingabulala amabhaktheriya futhi livimbele ukuzala kwamagciwane, futhi kwakheka umgoqo wamakhemikhali kumagciwane.

③ Ama-Macrophage kanye namaseli abulalayo emvelo e-NK asatshalaliswa oketshezini lwezicubu zamangqamuzana e-epithelial e-mucosal angakwazi ukufaka ama-phagocytize amagciwane futhi asuse amangqamuzana angenwe amagciwane, enze isithiyo se-immune cell.

④ Ukungavikeleki kwe-mucosal kwasendaweni kwakhiwe nge-immunoglobulin SIgA ekhiqizwe amaseli e-plasma asatshalaliswa kusicubu esixhumanisayo se-subepithelial layer ye-ocular mucosa kanye namaprotheni ahambisanayo ahambisana nenani lawo.

Indawoukuzivikela kwe-mucosalidlala indima ebalulekile kuukuzivikela komzimba, okungagcina kuqede amagciwane, kukhuthaze ukululama kwezempilo nokuvimbela ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe.

Isikhumba esidala namabala okudabula kwezingulube sibonisa umonakalo wokungavikeleki kwe-mucosal jikelele!

Isimiso: ukudla okunomsoco kanye nesisekelo esiqinile;Ukuvikelwa kwesibindi kanye nokuqeda ubuthi ukuze kuthuthukiswe impilo;Yehlisa ukucindezeleka futhi uzinze imvelo yangaphakathi;Ukugoma okunengqondo ukuvimbela izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane.

Kungani sinamathisela ukubaluleka ekuvikelweni kwesibindi kanye nokukhipha ubuthi ekuthuthukiseni ukuzivikela okungaqondile?

Isibindi singelinye lamalungu esimiso sokuzivikela komzimba.Amaseli omzimba azalwa nawo njengama-macrophage, amaseli e-NK kanye ne-NKT agcwele kakhulu esibindini.Ama-Macrophage nama-lymphocyte esibindi ayisihluthulelo sokuzivikela komzimba kwamaselula kanye nokuzivikela kwe-humoral ngokulandelanayo!Futhi iyingqamuzana eyisisekelo yokuzivikela komzimba okungaqondile!Amaphesenti angamashumi ayisithupha ama-macrophage kuwo wonke umzimba abuthana esibindini.Ngemva kokungena esibindini, ama-antigen amaningi avela emathunjini azogwinywa futhi asuswe ama-macrophages (amaseli e-Kupffer) esibindini, futhi ingxenye encane izohlanzwa yinso;Ngaphezu kwalokho, amagciwane amaningi, ama-antigen antibody complexes kanye nezinye izinto eziyingozi ezivela ekusakazweni kwegazi zizogwinywa futhi zisuswe amaseli e-Kupffer ukuze kuvinjwe lezi zinto eziyingozi ukuthi zingalimazi umzimba.Imfucumfucu enobuthi ehlanzwa isibindi idinga ukukhishwa enyongweni iye emathunjini, bese ikhishwa emzimbeni ngendle.

Njengesikhungo soguquko lwe-metabolic yemisoco, isibindi sidlala indima engenakushintshwa ekuguquleni izakhi ezibushelelezi!

Ngaphansi kwengcindezi, izingulube zizokhuphula i-metabolism futhi zithuthukise ikhono lokulwa nokucindezeleka kwezingulube.Kule nqubo, ama-radicals mahhala ezingulubeni azokhula kakhulu, okuzokwandisa umthwalo wezingulube futhi kuholele ekwehleni kokuzivikela komzimba.Ukukhiqizwa kwama-radicals mahhala kuhlotshaniswa kahle namandla e-metabolism yamandla, okungukuthi, lapho umzimba unamandla kakhulu, kuzokhiqizwa ama-radicals mahhala.Uma ukuqina kwemetabolism yezitho, kuba lula futhi kunamandla azohlaselwa ama-radicals mahhala.Isibonelo, isibindi siqukethe ama-enzyme ahlukahlukene, angahlanganyeli kuphela ekusetshenzisweni kwama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, amafutha, amavithamini nama-hormone, kodwa futhi anemisebenzi yokukhipha ubuthi, ukukhishwa, ukukhipha, ukuhlanganisa kanye nokuzivikela komzimba.Ikhiqiza ama-radicals mahhala futhi iyingozi kakhulu ngama-radicals mahhala.

Ngakho-ke, ukuthuthukisa ukungatheleleki okungaqondile, kufanele sinake ukuvikelwa kwesibindi kanye nokukhishwa kwezingulube!