ʻO ka maʻi puaʻa, ka necrotizing enteritis a me ke koʻikoʻi wela he mea hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi i ke ola kino holoholona.ʻO ke kumu o ke ola kino ʻo ia ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka paʻa o ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻokō pono ʻana o nā cell intestinal.ʻO nā pūnaewele ke kumu no ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā meaʻai i loko o nāʻiʻo a me nā'ōpū, aʻo kahi nui o nā holoholona e hoʻololi i nā meaʻai i ko lākou mau mea pono'ī.

Manaʻo ʻia ka hana ola e like me nā ʻano hopena biochemical i alakaʻi ʻia e nā enzymes.ʻO ka hōʻoia i ka hana maʻamau a me ka hana o nā enzyme intracellular ke kī e hōʻoia i ka hana maʻamau o nā pūnaewele.No laila he aha ke kuleana nui o ka betaine i ka mālama ʻana i ka hana maʻamau o nā ʻōpū ʻōpū?

1. Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka betaine

ʻO kona inoa ʻepekemaTrimethylglycine, ʻo kona molecular formula c5h1102n, kona molecular paona he 117.15, kona molekala he electroly neutral, he maikaʻi loa ka wai solubility (64 ~ 160 g / 100g), thermal stability (melting point 301 ~ 305 ℃), a me ka permeability kiʻekiʻe.ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona obetainepenei: 1

(1) He mea maʻalahi ke komo (hoʻopili piha i ka duodenum) a hoʻoikaika i nā ʻōpū o ka ʻōpū e komo i ka ion sodium;

(2) He manuahi i ke koko a ʻaʻole pili i ka lawe ʻana i ka wai, electrolyte, lipid a me ka protein;

(3) Ua māhele like ʻia nā ʻiʻo ʻiʻo, i hui pū ʻia me nā mole wai a i loko o kahi kūlana hydrated;

(4) Hoʻohele like ʻia nā ʻāpana i loko o ka ate a me ka ʻāpana ʻōpū a hui pū me nā molekele wai, lipid a me ka protein, aia i loko o ke kūlana hydrated, ka moku lipid a me ke kūlana protein;

(5) Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili i loko o nā pūnaewele;

(6) ʻAʻohe hopena ʻaoʻao.

2. Ke kuleana obetainei ka hana maʻamau o nā pūpū ʻōpū

(1)Betainehiki ke mālama i ka hana a me ka hana o nā enzymes i loko o nā pūnaewele ma o ka hoʻoponoponoʻana a me ka hōʻoiaʻana i ke kaulike o ka wai a me ka electrolyte, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka hana maʻamau o nā pūnaewele;

(2)Betainehoʻemi nui i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka oxygen a me ka hana wela o ka ʻiʻo PDV i ka ulu ʻana o nā puaʻa, a hoʻonui maikaʻi i ka nui o nā meaʻai i hoʻohana ʻia no ka anabolism;

(3) Hoʻohuibetainehiki i ka meaʻai ke hoʻemi i ka oxidation o ka choline i ka betaine, hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka homocysteine ​​​​i ka methionine, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka methionine no ka synthesis protein;

ʻO Methyl kahi meaʻai pono no nā holoholona.ʻAʻole hiki i nā kānaka a me nā holoholona ke synthesize i ka methyl, akā pono e hoʻolako ʻia e ka meaʻai.Hoʻopili nui ʻia ka hopena methylation i nā kaʻina metabolic koʻikoʻi, me ka synthesis DNA, creatine a me creatinine synthesis.Hiki i ka Betaine ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka choline a me ka methionine;

(4) Nā hopena obetainee pili ana i ka maʻi coccidia i nā Broilers

Betainehiki ke hōʻiliʻili i loko o ke ake a me nā ʻiʻo ʻōpū a mālama i ke ʻano o nā cell epithelial intestinal i nā broilers olakino a i ʻole coccidian maʻi;

Hoʻonui ʻo Betaine i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā lymphocytes endothelial intestinal a hoʻonui i ka hana o nā macrophages i nā broilers i loaʻa i ka coccidia;

Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ke ʻano morphological o ka duodenum o nā broilers i loaʻa i ka coccidia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka betaine i ka meaʻai;

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka betaine i ka meaʻai hiki ke hōʻemi i ka helu hōʻeha o ka ʻōpū o ka duodenum a me ka jejunum o nā broilers;

Hiki ke hoʻonui i ke kiʻekiʻe villus, ka ʻili o ka absorption, ka mānoanoa o ka ʻiʻo a me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi i nā broilers i loaʻa i ka coccidia;

(5) Hoʻopau ka Betaine i ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū i ka ulu ʻana o ka puaʻa.

3.Betaine- ke kumu o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka pono o ka ʻoihana holoholona a me ka moa

(1) Hiki i ka Betaine ke hoʻonui i ke kaumaha o ke kino o Peking Duck i nā lā he 42 a hoʻemi i ka ratio o ka ʻai i ka ʻiʻo ma 22-42 mau lā.

(2) Ua hōʻike nā hopena i ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka betaine i hoʻonui nui i ke kaumaha o ke kino a me ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o 84 mau lā kahiko, hoʻemi i ka ʻai ʻana a me ka hānai ʻana i ka ratio ʻiʻo, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ke kupapaʻu a me nā pono waiwai, ma waena o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 1.5kg/ton i ka meaʻai. loaʻa ka hopena maikaʻi loa.

(3) ʻO nā hopena o ka betaine i ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohua ʻana o nā ʻeke, nā broilers, nā mea hānai, nā lūlū a me nā puaʻa e like me kēia.

ʻO nā ʻiʻo ʻiʻo: e hoʻohui i ka 0.5g / kg, 1.0 g / kg a me 1.5 g / kg betaine i ka meaʻai hiki ke hoʻonui i nā pono hānai o nā ʻiʻo ʻiʻo no 24-40 mau pule, ʻo ia ka 1492 yuan / 1000 ducks, 1938 yuan / 1000 ducks a 4966 yuan / 1000 pākēkē pākahi.

ʻO nā broilers: hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pono hānai o nā broilers i 20-35 mau lā, ʻo ia hoʻi he 57.32 yuan, 88.95 yuan a me 168.41 yuan i ka ʻai.

Broilers: hoʻohui i 2 g / kg betaine i ka meaʻai hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pono o 1-42 mau lā broilers ma lalo o ke kaumaha wela e 789.35 yuan.

Breeders: hoʻohui i ka 2 g / kg betaine i ka meaʻai hiki ke hoʻonui i ka helu hatching o nā mea hānai e 12.5%

Nā lūlū: mai 5 mau lā ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i ka hopena o ka lactation, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi hou o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka 3 g / kg betaine i 100 sows i kēlā me kēia lā he 125700 yuan / makahiki (2.2 fetuses / makahiki).

ʻO nā puaʻa: e hoʻohui i ka 1.5g / kg betaine i ka meaʻai hiki ke hoʻonui i ka awelika o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka ʻai ʻana o nā puaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā i nā lā 0-7 a me 7-21 mau lā, e hoʻemi i ka ʻai i ka ratio o ka ʻiʻo, a ʻo ia ka mea ʻoi aku ka waiwai.

4. ʻO ka nui o ka betaine i ʻōlelo ʻia i nā meaʻai o nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole e like me kēia

(1) ʻO ka nui o ka betaine i ʻōlelo ʻia no ka ʻiʻo ʻiʻo a me ka ʻiole hua manu he 1.5 kg / tona;0 kg / tona.

(2) 0 kg / tona;2;5 kg / tona.

(3) ʻO ka mea i manaʻo ʻia o ka betaine i ka hānai lūlū he 2.0 ~ 2.5 kg / ton;Betaine hydrochloride 2.5 ~ 3.0 kg / tona.

(4) ʻO ka nui o ka betaine i manaʻo ʻia i loko o ke aʻo a me ka mālama ʻana he 1.5 ~ 2.0kg/ton.