Kutsekula m'mimba, zilonda zam'mimba komanso kupsinjika kwa kutentha zimawopseza kwambiri thanzi lamatumbo a nyama.Chofunika kwambiri cha thanzi la m'mimba ndikuwonetsetsa kukhulupirika kwapangidwe komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa maselo am'mimba.Maselo ndi maziko ogwiritsira ntchito zakudya m'magulu osiyanasiyana ndi ziwalo, komanso malo ofunikira kuti nyama zisinthe zakudya kukhala zigawo zawo.

Zochita zamoyo zimatengedwa ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana yazachilengedwe yoyendetsedwa ndi ma enzyme.Kuwonetsetsa kuti ma enzymes a intracellular akhazikika komanso magwiridwe antchito ndiye chinsinsi chowonetsetsa kuti ma cell akugwira ntchito bwino.Ndiye kodi gawo lalikulu la betaine posunga magwiridwe antchito am'mimba ndi chiyani?

1. Makhalidwe a betaine

Dzina lake lasayansi ndiTrimethylglycine, mawonekedwe ake a maselo ndi c5h1102n, kulemera kwake kwa maselo ndi 117.15, molekyulu yake ndi yamagetsi, imakhala ndi madzi osungunuka (64 ~ 160 g / 100g), kutentha kwa kutentha (malo osungunuka 301 ~ 305 ℃), komanso kusungunuka kwakukulu.Makhalidwe abetainendi izi: 1

(1) Ndiosavuta kuyamwa (yokhazikika kwathunthu mu duodenum) ndipo imalimbikitsa maselo am'mimba kuti atenge sodium ion;

(2) Ndi ufulu m'magazi ndipo samakhudza kayendedwe ka madzi, electrolyte, lipid ndi mapuloteni;

(3) Maselo a minofu anagawidwa mofanana, kuphatikizapo mamolekyu amadzi ndi mu hydrated;

(4) Maselo a chiwindi ndi m'matumbo amagawanika mofanana ndikuphatikizana ndi mamolekyu amadzi, lipids ndi mapuloteni, omwe ali mu hydrated state, lipid state ndi mapuloteni;

(5) Imatha kudziunjikira m’maselo;

(6) Palibe zotsatirapo.

2. Udindo wabetainemu ntchito yachibadwa ya m'mimba maselo

(1)Betaineamatha kusunga mapangidwe ndi ntchito ya ma enzymes m'maselo powongolera ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi ndi ma electrolyte akuyenda bwino, kuti zitsimikizire kuti maselo amagwira ntchito bwino;

(2)Betainekuchepetsa kwambiri kugwiritsira ntchito mpweya ndi kupanga kutentha kwa minofu ya PDV mu nkhumba zomwe zikukula, ndikuwonjezera bwino chiwerengero cha zakudya zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga anabolism;

(3) Kuwonjezerabetainekudya kumatha kuchepetsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni wa choline kukhala betaine, kulimbikitsa kutembenuka kwa homocysteine ​​​​ku methionine, ndikuwongolera kuchuluka kwa magwiritsidwe ntchito a methionine popanga mapuloteni;

Methyl ndi yofunika kwambiri kwa nyama.Anthu ndi nyama sangathe kupanga methyl, koma ayenera kuperekedwa ndi chakudya.Methylation reaction imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi njira zofunika za metabolic, kuphatikiza kaphatikizidwe ka DNA, kaphatikizidwe ka creatinine ndi creatinine.Betaine imatha kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa choline ndi methionine;

(4) Zotsatira zabetainepa matenda a coccidia mu Broilers

Betaineakhoza kudziunjikira mu chiwindi ndi matumbo zimakhala ndi kukhalabe dongosolo la matumbo epithelial maselo wathanzi kapena coccidian kachilombo broilers;

Betaine kulimbikitsa kuchuluka kwa m`mimba endothelial lymphocytes ndi kumatheka ntchito macrophages mu broilers kachilombo coccidia;

The morphological dongosolo la duodenum wa broilers kachilombo coccidia anali bwino powonjezera betaine kwa zakudya;

Kuonjezera betaine pazakudya kungachepetse index yovulaza m'mimba ya duodenum ndi jejunum ya broilers;

Zakudya zowonjezera 2 kg / T betaine zitha kukulitsa kutalika kwa villus, kuyamwa pamwamba, makulidwe a minofu ndi kufalikira kwa matumbo ang'onoang'ono a broilers omwe ali ndi coccidia;

(5) Betaine amachepetsa kupsinjika kwa kutentha komwe kumapangitsa kuti matumbo awonongeke mu nkhumba zomwe zimakula.

3.Betaine-- maziko opititsa patsogolo phindu la ziweto ndi nkhuku

(1) Betaine amatha kuwonjezera kulemera kwa thupi la Bakha wa Peking ali ndi masiku 42 ndikuchepetsa chakudya cha nyama pamasiku 22-42.

(2) Zotsatira zinasonyeza kuti kuwonjezera betaine kumawonjezera kulemera kwa thupi ndi kulemera kwa abakha amasiku 84, kuchepa kwa chakudya ndi chakudya cha nyama, komanso ubwino wa nyama ndi ubwino wachuma, kuphatikizapo 1.5kg / tani mu zakudya. zinali ndi zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.

(3) Zotsatira za betaine pa kuswana bwino kwa abakha, nkhuku, oweta, zoweta ndi ana a nkhumba zinali motere.

Abakha a nyama: kuwonjezera 0.5g/kg, 1.0 g/kg ndi 1.5 g/kg betaine pazakudya kumatha kuonjezera kuswana kwa abakha nyama kwa masabata 24-40, omwe ndi 1492 yuan / 1000 abakha, 1938 yuan / 1000 abakha ndi 4966 yuan / 1000 abakha motsatana.

Broilers: kuwonjezera 1.0 g / kg, 1.5 g / kg ndi 2.0 g / kg betaine pazakudya kumatha kuwonjezera phindu la kuswana kwa nkhuku zamasiku 20-35, zomwe ndi 57.32 yuan, 88.95 yuan ndi 168.41 yuan motsatana.

Broilers: kuwonjezera 2 g / kg betaine pazakudya kumatha kuwonjezera phindu la masiku 1-42 a broilers pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu ndi 789.35 yuan.

Oweta: kuwonjezera 2 g / kg betaine pazakudya kumatha kukulitsa kuchuluka kwa obereketsa ndi 12.5%

Zofesa: kuyambira masiku 5 asanabadwe mpaka kumapeto kwa lactation, phindu lowonjezera lowonjezera 3 g / kg betaine ku 100 zofesa pa tsiku ndi 125700 yuan / chaka (2.2 fetus / chaka).

Ana a nkhumba: kuwonjezera 1.5g/kg betaine pazakudya kumatha kuonjezera phindu la tsiku ndi tsiku komanso kudya kwa tsiku ndi tsiku kwa ana a nkhumba azaka za 0-7 ndi masiku 7-21, kuchepetsa chakudya ku chiŵerengero cha nyama, ndipo ndichokwera mtengo kwambiri.

4. Kuchuluka kwa betaine muzakudya zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama kunali motere

(1) Mlingo wovomerezeka wa betaine wa bakha wa nyama ndi bakha dzira unali 1.5 kg / tani;0kg/tani.

(2) 0 kg / tani;2;5kg/tani.

(3) Mlingo wovomerezeka wa betaine mu chakudya cha nkhumba unali 2.0 ~ 2.5 kg / tani;Betaine hydrochloride 2.5 ~ 3.0 makilogalamu / tani.

(4) Kuchulukitsa kowonjezera kwa betaine muzophunzitsira ndi zosungirako ndi 1.5 ~ 2.0kg/ton.