I-Betaine i-glycine methyl lactone ekhishwe ekucutshungulweni kwebhitrudi kashukela ngomkhiqizo.Kuyinto alkaloid quaternary amine.Ibizwa ngokuthi i-betaine ngoba yaqala ukuhlukaniswa ne-sugar beet molasses.I-Betaine itholakala ikakhulukazi kuma-molasses kashukela we-beet futhi ivamile ezitshalweni.Ingumnikezeli we-methyl ephumelelayo ezilwaneni, ibamba iqhaza ku-methyl metabolism ku-vivo, ingangena esikhundleni sengxenye ye-methionine ne-choline ekudleni, futhi inemiphumela yokukhuthaza ukuphakelwa kwezilwane nokukhula kanye nokwenza ngcono ukusetshenziswa kokudla.

 

1.

Umgomo wokukhangwa kokudla kwe-betaine uwukugqugquzela iphunga kanye nokunambitheka kwezinhlanzi nezimfanzi ngokuba nobumnandi obuyingqayizivele nobusha obubucayi bezinhlanzi nezimfanzi, ukuze kuzuzwe inhloso yokukhanga ukudla.Ukwengeza i-0.5% ~ 1.5% ye-betaine ekudleni kwezinhlanzi kunomphumela onamandla ovuselelayo ephunga nasekunambithekeni kwazo zonke izinhlanzi, izimfanzi namanye ama-crustaceans, ngokukhanga okuqinile kokudla, ukuthuthukisa ukunambitheka kokuphakelayo, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokudla. izinhlanzi nezimfanzi, futhi ugweme ukungcoliswa kwamanzi okubangelwa udoti wesiphakeli.

2.

I-Betaine ingakhuthaza ukukhula kwezinhlanzi nezimfanzi, ithuthukise ukumelana nezifo kanye nokuzivikela komzimba, ithuthukise izinga lokusinda kanye nezinga lokuguqulwa kokudla.Ukwengezwa kwe-betaine kunomthelela omkhulu ekukhuthazeni ukukhula kwezinhlanzi ezincane nezimfanzi kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lokusinda.Inzuzo yesisindo se-rainbow trout edla i-betaine ikhuphuke ngo-23.5%, futhi i-coefficient yokudla yehle ngo-14.01%;Inzuzo yesisindo se-salmon yase-Atlantic inyuke ngo-31.9% futhi i-feed coefficient yehle ngo-20.8%.Lapho i-0.3% ~ 0.5% ye-betaine yengezwa ekudleni okuhlanganisiwe kwe-carp enezinyanga ezimbili ubudala, inzuzo yansuku zonke inyuke ngo-41% ~ 49% kanye ne-coefficient yokuphakelayo yehle ngo-14% ~ 24%.Ukwengezwa kwe-betaine engu-0.3% ehlanzekile noma ehlanganisiwe ekudleni kungakhuthaza kakhulu ukukhula kwe-tilapia futhi kunciphise i-coefficient yokuphakelayo.Lapho i-betaine engu-1.5% yengezwa ekudleni kwenkalankala yasemfuleni, inzuzo yesisindo sensalela yenkalankala yakhuphuka ngo-95.3% futhi izinga lokusinda lenyuka ngo-38%.