Dyetsanimildewzimayambitsidwa ndi nkhungu.Chinyezi chikakhala choyenera, nkhungu zimachulukana, zomwe zimatsogolera ku mildew.Pambuyofeed mildew, katundu wake wakuthupi ndi mankhwala adzasintha, ndi Aspergillus flavus kuvulaza kwambiri.

1. Njira zothana ndi nkhungu:

(1) Kuwongolera chinyezi Kuwongolera chinyezi kumatanthawuza kuwongolera chinyezi muzakudya ndi chinyezi chachifupi cha malo osungira.Chinsinsi cha njira zothana ndi nkhungu pa chakudya chambewu ndikuchepetsa msanga chinyezi chake kuti chikhale chotetezeka pakangopita nthawi yokolola.Nthawi zambiri, maso a chiponde amakhala pansi pa 8%, chimanga ndi pansi pa 12.5%, ndipo chinyezi chimakhala pansi pa 13%.Choncho, nkhungu sizoyenera kubereka, kotero kuti chinyezichi chimatchedwa chinyezi chotetezeka.Chinyezi chotetezeka cha zakudya zosiyanasiyana chimasiyanasiyana.Kuphatikiza apo, chinyezi chotetezeka chimalumikizidwanso moyipa ndi kutentha kosungirako.

(2) Kuwongolera kutentha mpaka pansi pa 12 ℃ kumatha kuwongolera kubereka kwa nkhungu ndi kupanga poizoni.

(3) Pofuna kupewa kulumidwa ndi tizilombo ndi makoswe, njira zoyendetsera mawotchi ndi mankhwala ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza tizirombo tosungira mbewu, ndipo chisamaliro chiyenera kuperekedwa popewera makoswe, chifukwa kulumidwa ndi tizilombo kapena makoswe kungawononge njere zambewu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nkhungu zisamavutike. kuberekana ndi kuyambitsa nkhungu kukula.

(4) Dyetsani zinthu zopangira komanso chakudya chamafuta opangidwa ndi anti mold agents ndizovuta kwambiri kuumba, kotero anti nkhungu angagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera nkhungu pakukonza.Ma fungicides omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma organic acid ndi mchere, omwe propionic acid ndi mchere amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

2. Njira zochotsera poizoni

Chakudyacho chitaipitsidwa ndi poizoni mafangasi, kuyesetsa kuwononga kapena kuchotsa poizoni.Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi izi:

(1) Chotsani tinthu ta nkhungu

Poizoni amaunjikana kwambiri mumbewu zowonongeka, zankhungu, zosuluka, ndi zodyedwa ndi tizilombo.Pofuna kuchepetsa kwambiri poizoni, mbewuzi zikhoza kusankhidwa.Gwiritsani ntchito njira zamanja kapena zamakina kuti musankhe kaye chakudya, chotsani chakudya chankhungu, kenaka muwumitsenso chakudya chankhungu kuti mukwaniritse cholinga chochotsa poizoni ndi kupewa nkhungu.

(2) Kuchiza kutentha

Pakeke ya soya ndi zopangira zopangira mbewu, 48% -61% ya Aspergillus flavus B1 ndi 32% -40% ya Aspergillus flavus C1 imatha kuwonongedwa pophika pa 150 ℃ kwa mphindi 30 kapena kutentha kwa microwave kwa mphindi 8~9.

(3) Kusamba madzi

Kuviika mobwerezabwereza ndi kuchapa ndi madzi oyera kumatha kuchotsa poizoni wosungunuka m'madzi.Zida zopangira granular monga soya ndi chimanga zimatha kutsukidwa ndi madzi oyera mukatha kuphwanya kapena kutsukidwa mobwerezabwereza ndi 2% Limewater kuchotsa mycotoxins.

(4) Njira ya Adsorption

Adsorbents monga adamulowetsa mpweya ndi dongo woyera akhoza adsorb fungal poizoni, kuchepetsa mayamwidwe awo ndi m`mimba thirakiti.

Kudya chakudya chodetsedwa ndi ziweto ndi nkhuku kungayambitse zochitika zingapo monga kulepheretsa kukula, kuchepa kwa chakudya, komanso kusokonezeka kwa dongosolo la m'mimba, zomwe zingasokoneze kwambiri phindu lachuma.M'pofunika kulabadira kupewa ndi kulamulira.