Site na mgbasawanye nke ọdịbendị omenala na mmụba nke njupụta omenala, ọrịa Apostichopus japonicus aghọwo ihe dị ịrịba ama, nke butere nnukwu mfu na ụlọ ọrụ aquaculture.Ọrịa Apostichopus japonicus na-ebutekarị site na nje bacteria, nje virus na ciliates, n'ime nke ọrịa akpụkpọ anụ ahụ nke Vibrio na-egbuke egbuke kpatara bụ nke kachasị njọ.Na njọ nke ọrịa, ahụ mgbidi Apostichopus japonicus ọnya, akpụ acha anụnụ anụnụ na-acha ọcha tụrụ, na n'ikpeazụ onwe dissolves ruo ọnwụ, dissolving n'ime imi imi dị ka colloid.Na mgbochi ọrịa na ọgwụgwọ ọdịnala, a na-eji ọgwụ nje eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe.Mana iji ọgwụ nje eme ihe ogologo oge ọ bụghị naanị nwere ihe ize ndụ zoro ezo nke nguzogide nje na ọgwụ ọgwụ, kamakwa na-eweta nchekwa nri na mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi.Ya mere, mmepe nke a na-adịghị emetọ, na-abụghị ihe fọdụrụnụ, nchekwa nkwadebe iji belata ọrịa nke kukumba oké osimiri bụ otu n'ime ọkụ tụrụ nke ugbu a nnyocha.

Potassium diformate bụ kristal na-acha ọcha ntụ ntụ rụrụ arụ, kpọrọ nkụ na enweghị ụtọ.Ọ bụ ihe mgbakwunye nri mbụ na-abụghị ọgwụ nje nke European Union kwadoro iji dochie ọgwụ nje.Ọ nwere ike ịkwalite uto nke anụ ọhịa, igbochi uto nke nje bacteria na-emerụ ahụ, ma melite gburugburu eriri afọ, Potassium diformate nwere ike imeziwanye uto na mkpụrụ nke ihe ndị dị ndụ n'ime mmiri.

1 Nsonaazụ ule

1.1 Mmetụta nke potassium nri diformate na uto na nlanarị nke kukumba oke osimiri Apostichopus japonicus

Ọnụego uto nke Apostichopus japonicus mụbara nke ukwuu site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya potassium diformate nri.Mgbe ihe oriri potassium diformate ọdịnaya ruru 0.8%, ya bụ, mgbe dietary potassium diformate ọdịnaya bụ 1.0% na 1.2%, kpọmkwem uto ọnụego nke Apostichopus japonicus dị nnọọ elu karịa nke ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ, ma ọ dịghị ịrịba ọdịiche (P). > 0.05) (tebụl 2-2).Ọnụego nlanarị nke kukumba oke osimiri bụ 100% n'ime otu niile.

1.2 Mmetụta nke potassium diformate nri na ndepụta mgbochi nke kukumba oke osimiri Apostichopus japonicus

E jiri ya tụnyere ndị na-ahụ maka njikwa, ọkwa dị iche iche nke potassium dicarboxylate nwere ike imeziwanye ikike phagocytic nke coelomocytes na mmepụta nke O2 - na ọkwa dị iche iche (tebụl 2-3).Mgbe agbakwunyere potassium diformate na 1.0% na 1.2%, ọrụ phagocytic nke coelomocytes na mmepụta nke ụdị oxygen reactive O2 - na kukumba oke osimiri dị elu karịa ndị nọ na njikwa, mana enweghị nnukwu ọdịiche dị n'etiti 1% na 1.2% potassium diformate iche iche, ma ọ bụ n'etiti ọkwa ndị ọzọ nke potassium diformate na otu njikwa.Site na mmụba nke ọdịnaya potassium dicarboxylate na nri, SOD na NOS nke kukumba oké osimiri mụbara.

1.3 Mmetụta nke potassium diformate nri na nguzogide nke kukumba oké osimiri na ọrịa Vibrio na-egbuke egbuke.

1.4 Days mgbe ihe ịma aka gasịrị, ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ kukumba oké osimiri na-achịkwa bụ 46.67%, nke dị elu karịa nke ahụ na 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% na 1.2% potassium diformate ìgwè (26.67%, 26.67%, 30) %, 30% na 23.33%), mana enweghị nnukwu ọdịiche dị na otu ọgwụgwọ 0.2% (38.33%).Onwu nke kukumba oké osimiri na 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% na 1.2% potassium diformate iche iche enweghị nnukwu ọdịiche.

2. Mkparịta ụka

2.1 Mmetụta potassium dicarboxylate na uto nke kukumba oke osimiri Apostichopus japonicus

Na anụmanụ, usoro nke potassium dicarboxylate bụ tumadi ịbanye n'ime eriri afọ tract, melite eriri afọ gburugburu ebe obibi, mezie pH, na igbu nje bacteria (Ramli na sunanto, 2005).Na mgbakwunye, potassium diformate nwekwara ike ịkwalite nnabata nke nri nri na nri ma melite ogo mgbaze na ojiji nke anụmanụ ndị a zụrụ azụ.N'ime ngwa nke anụmanụ mmiri, nnwale egosila na potassium diformate nwere ike imeziwanye uto na nlanarị nke oporo (ya Suxu, Zhou Zhigang, et al., 2006).N'ime ọmụmụ ihe a, a kwalitere uto nke kukumba oké osimiri (Apostichopus japonicus) site n'ịgbakwunye potassium dicarboxylate na-eri nri, nke kwekọrọ na nsonaazụ nke potassium dicarboxylate ngwa na piglets na imecha ezì nke verland kọrọ.M (2000).

2.2 Mmetụta nke potassium dicarboxylate na mgbochi nke kukumba oké osimiri Apostichopus japonicus

Apostichopus japonicus nwere otu usoro nchekwa ahụ dị ka echinoderms ndị ọzọ, nke a na-emecha site na nzaghachi mgbochi cellular na nke na-abụghị cellular.A na-ejikarị ya achọpụta ma kpochapụ ihe ndị si mba ọzọ na-abanye n'anụmanụ, ma ọ bụ mee ka ndị mba ọzọ ghọọ ihe ndị na-adịghị emerụ ahụ, na ịrụzi ọnyá.A na-emecha nzaghachi mgbochi cellular nke echinoderms site n'ụdị coelomocytes dị iche iche, nke na-etolite usoro nchebe nke echinoderms.Isi ọrụ nke mkpụrụ ndụ ndị a gụnyere phagocytosis, mmeghachi omume cytotoxin, na mmepụta nke ihe ndị na-egbu nje na ọkwa coagulation (kudriavtsev, 2000).N'ime usoro phagocytosis, coelomocytes nwere ike ime ka nje bacteria ma ọ bụ ihe ndị na-ahụ maka mgbidi sel na-emepụta ụdị oxygen (ROS), gụnyere mba, H2O2, oh na O2 -.N'ime nnwale a, ịgbakwunye 1.0% na 1.2% potassium dicarboxylate na nri mụbara ọrụ phagocytic nke coelomocytes na mmepụta nke ụdị oxygen na-emeghachi omume.Otú ọ dị, usoro nke potassium diformate na-abawanye ọrụ phagocytic na O2 - mmepụta kwesịrị ka a mụọkwuo ya.

2.3 Mmetụta potassium dicarboxylate na eriri afọ nke kukumba oke osimiri Apostichopus japonicus

Potassium dicarboxylate nwere ike ire ere ka ọ bụrụ formic acid na formate na mpaghara alkaline na-adịghị ike wee banye n'ime sel microbial site na akpụkpọ ahụ cell.Ọ nwere ike ịgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi nke microorganisms na-emerụ ahụ dị ka Escherichia coli na Salmonella site n'ịgbanwe uru pH n'ime sel na igbochi mmeputakwa ha, iji dozie nguzozi microecological intestinal (eidelsburger, 1998).Mmetụta potassium dicarboxylate na microflora intestinal, macroscopically, H + mepụtara site na ire ere nke potassium dicarboxylate na-ebelata uru pH na eriri afọ ma na-egbochi uto nke microflora eriri afọ.N'ile anya nke ọma, H + na-abanye n'ime mkpụrụ ndụ nje site na akpụkpọ ahụ cell, na-emebi ọrụ nke enzymes intracellular ozugbo, na-emetụta metabolism nke protein microbial na nucleic acid, ma na-ekere òkè na sterilization (Roth, 1998).Nsonaazụ gosiri na potassium diformate nwere obere mmetụta na ngụkọta eriri afọ nje bacteria nke oké osimiri kukumba, ma ọ nwere ike budata igbochi ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Vibrio.

2.4 Mmetụta nke potassium dicarboxylate na nguzogide ọrịa nke kukumba oké osimiri Apostichopus japonicus

Vibrio splendens bụ nje bacteria na-akpata ọrịa ire ere akpụkpọ anụ nke kukumba oké osimiri, nke na-emerụ ahụ maka mmepụta na ịkụ kukumba oké osimiri.Nnwale a gosipụtara na ịgbakwụnye potassium dicarboxylate n'ime nri belatara ọnwụ nke kukumba oke osimiri nwere Vibrio na-egbuke egbuke.Nke a nwere ike jikọta ya na mmetụta mgbochi nke potassium diformate na Vibrio.

3 Nkwubi okwu

Nsonaazụ gosiri na potassium diformate nri nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na uto nke Apostichopus japonicus, nwere mmetụta dị mma na mgbochi na-abụghị nke Apostichopus japonicus, ma kwalitekwa mgbochi ihu ọchị na cellular nke Apostichopus japonicus.Mgbakwunye potassium dicarboxylate na nri na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke nje bacteria na-emerụ ahụ n'ime eriri afọ nke kukumba oké osimiri, ma mee ka ọrịa na-eguzogide ọgwụ nke kukumba oké osimiri butere Vibrio na-egbuke egbuke.Na mmechi, enwere ike iji potassium dicarboxylate mee ihe dị ka onye na-ebuwanye ihe mgbochi na nri kukumba oke osimiri, yana usoro kwesịrị ekwesị nke potassium dicarboxylate bụ 1.0%.