Kwiyongera k'umuco no kwiyongera k'umuco, indwara ya Apostichopus japonicus yarushijeho kuba ingirakamaro, ibyo bikaba byateje igihombo gikomeye mu nganda z’amafi.Indwara za Apostichopus japonicus ziterwa ahanini na bagiteri, virusi na ciliates, muri zo hakaba harimo syndrome yo kubora uruhu yatewe na Vibrio brilliance niyo ikomeye cyane.Hamwe no kwiyongera kwindwara, urukuta rwumubiri rwibisebe bya Apostichopus japonicus, bikora ibibara byubururu n'umweru, amaherezo bikishonga bikapfa, bigashonga mumitsi yizuru nka colloid.Mu gukumira no kuvura indwara gakondo, antibiyotike ikoreshwa cyane.Ariko gukoresha igihe kirekire antibiyotike ntabwo ifite ibyago byihishe byo kurwanya bagiteri ndetse n’ibisigazwa by’ibiyobyabwenge, ahubwo bizana no kwihaza mu biribwa no kwangiza ibidukikije.Kubwibyo, iterambere ryimyanda idahumanye, idasigara, kwitegura neza kugabanya indwara yimbuto zo mu nyanja nimwe mubice bishyushye byubushakashatsi.

Potasiyumu diformate ni ifu yera ya kirisiti yera, yumye kandi idafite uburyohe.Nibintu byambere byongera ibiryo bya antibiotique byemejwe n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi gusimbuza antibiyotike.Irashobora guteza imbere imikurire y’inyamaswa zifite umuco, ikabuza gukura kwa bagiteri zangiza, kandi igateza imbere amara, Difate ya Potasiyumu irashobora kuzamura cyane imikurire n’umusaruro w’ibinyabuzima byo mu mazi.

1 Ibisubizo by'ibizamini

1.1 Ingaruka za potasiyumu yimirire itandukanye kumikurire no kubaho kwimbuto zo mu nyanja Apostichopus japonicus

Iterambere ryihariye rya Apostichopus japonicus ryiyongereye cyane hamwe no kwiyongera kwa potasiyumu yimirire.Iyo ibiryo bya potassium diformate bigeze kuri 0.8%, ni ukuvuga, mugihe ibiryo bya potasiyumu yibiryo byari 1.0% na 1,2%, umuvuduko wihariye witerambere rya Apostichopus japonicus wari hejuru cyane ugereranije nubundi buvuzi, Ariko nta tandukaniro rikomeye (P) > 0.05) (imbonerahamwe 2-2).Ikigereranyo cyo kubaho kwimbuto zo mu nyanja cyari 100% mumatsinda yose.

1.2 Ingaruka za potasiyumu yimirire itandukanye kumibare yubudahangarwa bwimyumbati yo mu nyanja Apostichopus japonicus

Ugereranije nitsinda rishinzwe kugenzura, urwego rutandukanye rwa potasiyumu dicarboxylate rushobora kuzamura ubushobozi bwa fagocytike ya coelomocytes no kubyara O2 - muburyo butandukanye (imbonerahamwe 2-3).Iyo potasiyumu diformate yongewe kuri 1.0% na 1,2%, ibikorwa bya fagocyitike ya coelomocytes no gukora ubwoko bwa ogisijeni ikora O2 - mu mbuto zo mu nyanja byari hejuru cyane ugereranije n’itsinda rishinzwe kugenzura, ariko nta tandukaniro rikomeye ryari hagati ya 1% na 1,2% amatsinda ya potasiyumu, cyangwa hagati yizindi nzego za potasiyumu hamwe nitsinda rishinzwe kugenzura.Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa potasiyumu dicarboxylate mu biryo, SOD na NOS ya cucumber yo mu nyanja yariyongereye.

1.3 Ingaruka za potasiyumu yimirire itandukanye mukurwanya imyumbati yo mu nyanja kwandura Vibrio nziza

1.4 Iminsi nyuma yikibazo, impfu ziterwa nimbuto zo mu nyanja mu itsinda ryigenzura zari 46.67%, zikaba zari hejuru cyane ugereranije no muri 0.4%, 0,6%, 0.8%, 1.0% na 1.2% bya potasiyumu itandukanye (26.67%, 26.67%, 30 %, 30% na 23.33%), ariko nta tandukaniro rikomeye ryagize hamwe nitsinda rya 0.2% (38.33%).Impfu z'imyumbati yo mu nyanja muri 0.4%, 0,6%, 0.8%, 1.0% na 1.2% ya potasiyumu diformate nta tandukaniro rikomeye yari ifite.

2. Ikiganiro

2.1 Ingaruka za potasiyumu dicarboxylate ku mikurire yimbuto zo mu nyanja Apostichopus japonicus

Mu nyamaswa, uburyo bwo gukora potasiyumu dicarboxylate ni ukwinjira cyane mu nzira yo mu gifu, kunoza ibidukikije byo mu nda, kugenzura pH, no kwica bagiteri zangiza (Ramli na sunanto, 2005).Byongeye kandi, potasiyumu diformate irashobora kandi guteza imbere kwinjiza intungamubiri mu biryo no kunoza igogorwa n’imikoreshereze y’inyamaswa zifite umuco.Mu ikoreshwa ry’inyamaswa zo mu mazi, ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko potasiyumu diformate ishobora kuzamura cyane imikurire n’imibereho ya shrimp (we Suxu, Zhou Zhigang, et al., 2006).Muri ubu bushakashatsi, ubwiyongere bw'imyumbati yo mu nyanja (Apostichopus japonicus) bwatejwe imbere hongerwamo potasiyumu dicarboxylate yo kugaburira, ibyo bikaba byari bihuye n'ibisubizo bya potasiyumu dicarboxylate ikoreshwa mu ngurube no kurangiza ingurube byatangajwe na verland.M (2000).

2.2 Ingaruka za potasiyumu dicarboxylate ku budahangarwa bw'imyumbati yo mu nyanja Apostichopus japonicus

Apostichopus japonicus ifite uburyo bwo kwirwanaho nkizindi echinoderms, zuzuzwa na selile na selile selile (humoral).Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kumenya no kurandura imibiri y’amahanga yinjira mu mubiri w’inyamaswa, cyangwa gukora imibiri y’amahanga mu bintu bitagira ingaruka, no gusana ibikomere.Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wa echinoderms burangizwa na coelomocytes zitandukanye, zigize uburyo bwo kwirinda echinoderms.Ibikorwa by'ingenzi bigize utwo tugari harimo phagocytose, reaction ya cytotoxine, no gukora ibintu bya antibacterial kurwego rwa coagulation (kudriavtsev, 2000).Mubikorwa bya fagocytose, coelomocytes irashobora guterwa na bagiteri cyangwa ibice bigize urukuta rwa bagiteri kugirango bibyare ubwoko bwa ogisijeni (ROS), harimo oya, H2O2, yewe na O2 -.Muri ubu bushakashatsi, kongeramo 1.0% na 1,2% potasiyumu dicarboxylate mu ndyo byongereye cyane ibikorwa bya fagocyitike ya coelomocytes no kubyara ubwoko bwa ogisijeni ikora.Nyamara, uburyo bwa potasiyumu butandukanye bwongera ibikorwa bya fagocyitike na O2 - umusaruro ugomba gukomeza kwigwa.

2.3 Ingaruka za potasiyumu dicarboxylate kuri flora yo munda yimbuto zo mu nyanja Apostichopus japonicus

Potasiyumu dicarboxylate irashobora kubora muri acide ya formique hanyuma ikaboneka mubidukikije bya alkaline idakomeye hanyuma ikinjira muri selile mikorobe ikoresheje membrane.Irashobora guhindura ibidukikije bya mikorobe yangiza nka Escherichia coli na Salmonella ihindura agaciro ka pH imbere mungirangingo kandi ikabuza kubyara, kugirango igabanye uburinganire bwa mikorobe yo mu mara (eidelsburger, 1998).Ingaruka ya potasiyumu dicarboxylate kuri microflora yo munda, macroscopically, H + ikorwa no kubora potasiyumu dicarboxylate igabanya agaciro ka pH mumara kandi ikabuza gukura kwa microflora yo munda.Mikorosikopi, H + yinjira mu ngirabuzimafatizo binyuze mu ngirabuzimafatizo, isenya mu buryo butaziguye ibikorwa by'imisemburo yo mu nda, igira ingaruka ku mikorere ya poroteyine ya mikorobe na aside nucleique, kandi igira uruhare mu kuboneza urubyaro (Roth, 1998).Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko difate ya potasiyumu itagize ingaruka nke kuri bagiteri zose zo munda za cucumber zo mu nyanja, ariko zishobora kubuza cyane umubare wa Vibrio.

2.4 Ingaruka za potasiyumu dicarboxylate ku kurwanya indwara yimbuto zo mu nyanja Apostichopus japonicus

Vibrio splendens ni bagiteri zitera indwara ya syndrome yuruhu ya cucumber yo mu nyanja, yangiza umusaruro no guhinga imyumbati yo mu nyanja.Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kongeramo potasiyumu dicarboxylate mu biryo byagabanije impfu z’imyumbati yo mu nyanja yanduye Vibrio nziza.Ibi birashobora kuba bifitanye isano n'ingaruka zo kubuza potasiyumu difate kuri Vibrio.

3 Umwanzuro

Ibisubizo byerekanye ko potassium yibiryo byagize uruhare runini mu mikurire ya Apostichopus japonicus, yagize ingaruka nziza ku budahangarwa budasanzwe bwa Apostichopus japonicus, kandi byongera ubudahangarwa bw’urwenya na selile bya Apostichopus japonicus.Kwiyongera kwa potasiyumu dicarboxylate mu ndyo byagabanije cyane umubare wa bagiteri zangiza mu mara y’imyumbati yo mu nyanja, kandi byongera imbaraga zo kurwanya indwara y’imyumbati yo mu nyanja yanduye Vibrio nziza.Mu gusoza, potasiyumu dicarboxylate irashobora gukoreshwa nkongera imbaraga mu gukingira ibiryo byo mu nyanja, kandi urugero rukwiye rwa potasiyumu dicarboxylate ni 1.0%.