Nekuwedzera kwekukura kwetsika uye kuwedzera kwehutsika huzhinji, chirwere cheApostichopus japonicus chave chichiwedzera kukosha, izvo zvaunza kurasikirwa kwakanyanya kuindasitiri yezvemvura.Zvirwere zveApostichopus japonicus zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nemabhakitiriya, mavhairasi uye ciliates, pakati peiyo iyo ganda rot syndrome inokonzerwa neVibrio brilliant ndiyo yakanyanya kuoma.Nekuwedzera kwechirwere, madziro emuviri eApostichopus japonicus maronda, achigadzira mavara ebhuruu nechena, uye pakupedzisira anonyungudika kusvika pakufa, achinyungudika kuita mumhino senge colloid.Muchivanhu kudzivirira uye kurapwa kwechirwere, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.Asi kushandiswa kwenguva refu kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya hakungove nengozi yakavanzika yekudzivirira kwebhakitiriya uye masara emishonga, asiwo kunounza kuchengetedzwa kwezvokudya uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.Nokudaro, kukurudzirwa kwekusasvibisa, kusina kusara, kugadzirira kwakachengeteka kuderedza chirwere chegungwa cucumber ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzinopisa dzekutsvakurudza kwemazuva ano.

Potassium diformate ichena crystalline yakasununguka hupfu, yakaoma uye isina kunaka.Ndiyo yekutanga isiri yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowedzerwa yakabvumidzwa neEuropean Union kutsiva mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.Inogona kukurudzira kukura kwemhuka dzine tsika, kudzivisa kukura kwebhakitiriya inokuvadza, uye kugadzirisa nharaunda yematumbo, Potassium diformate inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kukura uye goho rezvisikwa zvemvura.

1 Test results

1.1 Mhedzisiro yezvekudya potassium diformate pakukura uye kurarama kwesea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Iyo chaiyo yekukura mwero weApostichopus japonicus yakawedzera zvakanyanya nekuwedzera kwechikafu potassium diformate content.Kana iyo potassium diformate yekudya yakasvika 0.8%, kureva, apo chikafu che potassium diformate chaive 1.0% uye 1.2%, iyo chaiyo yekukura kweApostichopus japonicus yaive yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura yemamwe marapirwo, Asi pakanga pasina mutsauko wakakura (P. > 0.05) (tafura 2-2).Kupona kwegungwa cucumber kwaiva 100% mumapoka ose.

1.2 Mhedzisiro yekudya potassium diformate pane immune indexes yegungwa cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Kuenzaniswa neboka rinodzora, mazinga akasiyana e potassium dicarboxylate anogona kuvandudza phagocytic simba re coelomocytes uye kugadzirwa kweO2 - muzvikamu zvakasiyana (tafura 2-3).Apo potassium diformate yakawedzerwa pa 1.0% uye 1.2%, phagocytic basa re coelomocytes uye kugadzirwa kweiyo reactive oxygen marudzi O2 - mugungwa cucumber yakanga yakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura iyo iri muboka rekutonga, asi pakanga pasina kusiyana kukuru pakati pe1% uye 1.2% potassium diformate mapoka, kana pakati pemamwe mazinga e potassium diformate neboka rekutonga.Nekuwedzera kwe potassium dicarboxylate yemukati mukudya, iyo SOD neNOS yegungwa cucumber yakawedzera.

1.3 Mhedzisiro yekudya kwe potassium diformate pakuramba kwegaka regungwa kuVibrio brilliant infection.

1.4 Mazuva mushure mekunetsa, kuwanda kwekufa kwegungwa cucumber muboka rekutonga kwaive 46.67%, yaive yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo mu0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% uye 1.2% potassium diformate mapoka (26.67%, 26.67%, 30% %, 30% uye 23.33%), asi pakanga pasina misiyano yakakura ne 0.2% boka rekurapa (38.33%).Kufa kwesea cucumber mu 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0% uye 1.2% potassium diformate mapoka akanga asina mutsauko mukuru.

2. Kukurukurirana

2.1 Mhedzisiro ye potassium dicarboxylate pakukura kwesea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Mumhuka, maitiro ekuita kwe potassium dicarboxylate inonyanya kupinda mudumbu remukati, kuvandudza gastrointestinal nharaunda, kutonga pH, uye kuuraya mabhakitiriya anokuvadza (Ramli uye sunanto, 2005).Pamusoro pezvo, potassium diformate inogona zvakare kusimudzira kutorwa kwechikafu muchikafu uye kunatsiridza digestibility uye chiyero chekushandiswa kwemhuka dzine tsika.Mukushandiswa kwemhuka dzemumvura, zviedzo zvakaratidza kuti potassium diformate inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kukura uye chiyero chekupona kweshrimp (iye Suxu, Zhou Zhigang, et al., 2006).Muchidzidzo ichi, kukura kwegungwa cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) yakasimudzirwa nekuwedzera potassium dicarboxylate kudyisa, iyo yaienderana nemigumisiro ye potassium dicarboxylate kushandiswa munguruve uye kupedza nguruve dzakataurwa neverland.M (2000).

2.2 Mhedzisiro ye potassium dicarboxylate pakudzivirira kwegaka regungwa Apostichopus japonicus

Apostichopus japonicus ine nzira yekudzivirira yakafanana nedzimwe echinoderms, iyo inopedzwa nemasero uye kwete masero (humoral) immune response.Inonyanya kushandiswa kuona uye kubvisa miviri yekunze inopinda mumuviri wemhuka, kana kuita miviri yekunze kuita zvinhu zvisingakuvadzi, uye kugadzirisa maronda.Maserura ekudzivirira echinoderms anopedzwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dze coelomocytes, iyo inoumba maitiro ekudzivirira echinoderms.Mabasa makuru emasero aya anosanganisira phagocytosis, cytotoxin reaction, uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvinorwisa mabhakitiriya padanho rekubatana (kudriavtsev, 2000).Mukuita kwephagocytosis, coelomocytes inogona kupesvedzerwa nemabhakitiriya kana bhakitiriya sero madziro zvikamu kuti ibudise reactive okisijeni marudzi (ROS), kusanganisira kwete, H2O2, oh uye O2 -.Muchiyedzo ichi, kuwedzera 1.0% uye 1.2% potassium dicarboxylate pakudya kwakawedzera zvakanyanya kuita kwephagocytic ye coelomocytes uye kugadzirwa kweiyo reactive oxygen marudzi.Zvisinei, iyo nzira ye potassium diformate inowedzera basa re phagocytic uye O2 - kugadzirwa kunoda kuongororwa.

2.3 Mhedzisiro ye potassium dicarboxylate pamaruva emudumbu egungwa cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Potassium dicarboxylate inogona kuderedzwa kuita formic acid uye kuumbwa munzvimbo isina simba alkaline uye kupinda mumasero ehutachiona kuburikidza nesero membrane.Inogona kushandura nharaunda yehupenyu hwehutachiona hunokuvadza hwakadai seEscherichia coli neSalmonella nekushandura pH kukosha mukati memasero uye kudzivirira kubereka kwavo, kuitira kugadzirisa intestinal microecological balance (eidelsburger, 1998).Mhedzisiro ye potassium dicarboxylate pa intestinal microflora, macroscopically, iyo H + inogadzirwa nekuora kwe potassium dicarboxylate inoderedza pH kukosha mumatumbo uye inodzivisa kukura kwe intestinal microflora.Microscopically, H + inopinda mumasero ebhakitiriya kuburikidza nesero membrane, inoparadza zvakananga basa re intracellular enzymes, inokanganisa metabolism ye microbial protein uye nucleic acid, uye inobata basa mukuita sterilization (Roth, 1998).Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti potassium diformate haina mhedzisiro pahuwandu hwemabhakitiriya emukumbo wegungwa cucumber, asi yaigona kumisa huwandu hweVibrio.

2.4 Mhedzisiro ye potassium dicarboxylate pakurwisa chirwere chegungwa cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Vibrio splendens ndiyo pathogenic bhakitiriya yeganda rot syndrome yegungwa cucumber, iyo inokuvadza mukugadzirwa nekurima kwegungwa cucumber.Kuedza uku kwakaratidza kuti kuwedzera potassium dicarboxylate muchikafu kwakaderedza kufa kwesea cucumber ine Vibrio brilliant.Izvi zvinogona kunge zvine chekuita neiyo inhibitory mhedzisiro ye potassium diformate paVibrio.

3 Mhedziso

Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti kudya kwe potassium diformate kwakave nemhedzisiro yakakura pakukura kweApostichopus japonicus, kwakave nemhedzisiro yakanaka pane isiri-yakananga kudzivirirwa kweApostichopus japonicus, uye yakasimudzira kuseka uye cellular kusadzivirirwa kweApostichopus japonicus.Kuwedzerwa kwe potassium dicarboxylate mukudya kwakaderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwehutachiona hunokuvadza mumatumbo egungwa cucumber, uye kwakawedzera kudzivirira kwechirwere chegungwa cucumber ine Vibrio brilliant.Mukupedzisa, potassium dicarboxylate inogona kushandiswa seanosimudzira immune mugungwa cucumber feed, uye dosage yakakodzera ye potassium dicarboxylate i1.0%.