Betaine, bizwi kandi nka glycine trimethyl umunyu w'imbere, ni ibinyabuzima bidafite uburozi kandi bitagira ingaruka, quaternary amine alkaloid.Ni prismatic yera cyangwa ikibabi nka kirisiti hamwe na formula ya molekuline c5h12no2, uburemere bwa molekile ya 118 hamwe no gushonga kwa 293 ℃.Biryoha kandi ni ibintu bisa na vitamine.Ifite ubuhehere bukomeye kandi byoroshye gukurura ubuhehere na deliquesce mubushyuhe bwicyumba.Ubwoko bwa hydrated burashonga mumazi, methanol na Ethanol, kandi bigashonga gato muri ether.Betaine ifite imiterere ikomeye yimiti, irashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 200 ℃ kandi ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya okiside.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye kobetaineirashobora gusimbuza igice methionine muri metabolism yinyamaswa.

Betaineirashobora gusimbuza methionine rwose mugutanga methyl.Ku ruhande rumwe, methionine ikoreshwa nka substrate kugirango ikore proteyine, kurundi ruhande, igira uruhare muri methyl metabolism nkumuterankunga wa methyl.BetaineIrashobora guteza imbere ibikorwa bya betaine homocysteine ​​methyltransferase mu mwijima kandi igatanga methyl ikora hamwe, kugirango ibicuruzwa bya methionine demethylation homocysteine ​​bibe methylée kugirango bibe methionine kuva kera, kugirango bikomeze gutanga methyl kuri metabolism yumubiri hamwe na methionine nkeya nkuwitwara na betaine nkisoko ya methyl, Hanyuma, methionine hafi ya yose ikoreshwa mugukora proteyine, zishobora gukiza methionine no gukoresha imbaraga.Hamwe na hamwe, betaine irushaho kwangirika nyuma yo gushyirwaho methylet kugirango ikore serine na glycine, hanyuma yongere imbaraga za acide amine mumaraso (kamoun, 1986).

Betaine yongereye ibiri muri methionine, serine na glycine muri serumu.Puchala n'abandi.Yagize ingaruka zigerageza nkintama.Betaine irashobora kongeramo aside amine nka arginine, methionine, leucine na glycine muri serumu hamwe nubunini bwa acide amine muri serumu, hanyuma bikagira ingaruka kumasohoro ya auxin;BetaineIrashobora guteza imbere ihinduka rya acide aspartique kuri acide n-methylaspartic (NMA) ikoresheje methyl metabolism ikomeye, kandi NMA irashobora kugira ingaruka kumiterere no gusohora auxin muri hypothalamus, hanyuma urwego rwa auxin mumubiri.