Betaine, inozivikanwawo se glycine trimethyl yemukati munyu, isiri-chepfu uye isingakuvadzi yakasikwa komputa, quaternary amine alkaloid.Ichena prismatic kana shizha sekristaro ine molecular formula c5h12no2, molecular huremu hwe118 uye kunyungudika kwe293 ℃.Inonaka zvinotapira uye chinhu chakafanana nemavhitamini.Iyo ine simba rekuchengetedza mwando uye iri nyore kutora unyoro uye deliquesce pakamuri tembiricha.Mhando ye hydrated inonyungudika mumvura, methanol uye ethanol, uye inonyungudika zvishoma muether.Betaine ine chimiro chakasimba chemakemikari, inogona kumira tembiricha yakakwira ye200 ℃ uye ine yakasimba oxidation kuramba.Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza izvozvobetaineinogona kutsiva methionine zvishoma mune metabolism yemhuka.

Betaineinogona kutsiva zvachose methionine mukupihwa kwemethyl.Kune rumwe rutivi, methionine inoshandiswa se substrate kuumba mapuroteni, uye kune rumwe rutivi, inobatanidzwa mumethyl metabolism semethyl donor.Betaineinogona kukurudzira basa re betaine homocysteine ​​methyltransferase muchiropa uye kupa methyl inoshanda pamwe chete, kuitira kuti methionine demethylation chigadzirwa homocysteine ​​inogona methylated kuti igadzire methionine kubva pakatanga, kuitira kuti irambe ichipa methyl yemuviri metabolism ine shoma shoma ye methionine semutakuri. uye betaine semethyl source, Zvadaro, yakawanda ye methionine inoshandiswa kugadzira mapuroteni, anogona kuchengetedza methionine uye kushandisa simba.Pamwe chete, betaine inowedzera kuderedzwa mushure mekuve methylated kugadzira serine uye glycine, uyezve kuwedzera kuwanda kwemaamino acids muropa (kamoun, 1986).

Betaine yakawedzera zviri mukati methionine, serine uye glycine muserum.Puchala et al.Yakave nemigumisiro yakafanana yekuedza pamakwai.Betaine inogona kuwedzera amino acids akadai se arginine, methionine, leucine uye glycine mu serum uye nhamba yose yeamino acids mu serum, uye zvino inokanganisa kubuda kwe auxin;Betaineinogona kukurudzira kutendeuka kweaspartic acid kune n-methylaspartic acid (NMA) kuburikidza neakasimba methyl metabolism, uye NMA inogona kukanganisa kuumbwa uye kubuda kweauxin mu hypothalamus, uye ipapo chiyero cheauxin mumuviri.