Imboni yezokudla kwemfuyo ilokhu ithikamezekile “ubhubhane oluphindwe kabili” lwe-African swine fever kanye ne-COVID-19, futhi ibhekene nenselelo “ekabili” yokwenyuka kwamanani amaningi kanye nokwenqatshelwa okuphelele.Nakuba umgwaqo ongaphambili ugcwele ubunzima, imboni yokufuywa kwezilwane nayo igqugquzela uguquko nokuthuthukiswa kwayo kanye nokugqugquzela ngokubambisana ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni.Leli phepha lidingida ikakhulukazi indlela yokuthuthukisa umsebenzi wama-enzyme wokugaya emathunjini ezinkukhu, ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwamathumbu nokuthuthukisa ukwakheka kwezitshalo zamathumbu.

Umgudu wamathumbu uyisitho esibalulekile sezinkukhu ukuze zigaye futhi zimunce imisoco.Ukugaya kwamathumbu ikakhulukazi kwenziwa ngokusabela kwe-enzymatic (i-exopeptidase, i-oligosaccharide enzyme, i-lipase, njll.);Izakhamzimba ezincane zamangqamuzana ezikhiqizwa ukusabela kwe-enzymatic zidlula ungqimba lwe-epithelial lwamathumbu futhi zimuncwa amangqamuzana amathumbu.

Amathumbu nawo angumgoqo wemvelo wokuvikela izinkukhu kuma-antigen okudla, ama-microorganisms we-pathogenic kanye nama-metabolites awo ayingozi, nokugcina ukuzinza kwendawo yangaphakathi.Umgoqo wamathumbu uqukethe umgoqo wemishini, umgoqo wamakhemikhali, umgoqo we-microbial kanye nesithiyo sokuzivikela komzimba sokuzivikela ngokuhlanganyela ekuhlaselweni kwezinto ze-antigenic zangaphandle.Isithiyo semishini (isithiyo esingokomzimba) sisho amaseli e-epithelial amathumbu asondelene axhumene;Isithiyo samakhemikhali sakhiwa i-mucus, ijusi yokugaya ekhishwe ngamaseli e-epithelial e-epithelial yamathumbu kanye nezinto ezilwa namagciwane ezikhiqizwa amagciwane e-intestinal parasitic, angavimbela noma abulale ama-microorganisms e-pathogenic;Isithiyo sebhayoloji sakhiwe ukumelana kwekholoni kwezitshalo ezihlala emathunjini kumabhaktheriya e-pathogenic kanye nokuqoqwa phakathi kwamagciwane;Isithiyo sokuzivikela komzimba yisitho esikhulu se-lymphoid kanye nezicubu ezibalulekile ezihlobene ne-mucosa lymphoid.Ngakho-ke, ukuzalanisa kuwukuphakamisa umgudu wamathumbu, futhi ukuqinisekisa impilo yamathumbu kuyisihluthulelo sokuzalanisa okunempilo ngaphandle kokumelana.

I-Acid inemiphumela ye-acidification kanye ne-bacteriostasis, futhi idlala indima ebalulekile ekuzaleni izinkukhu ezinempilo.Ama-asidi emvelo avamile ahlanganisa ama-carboxylic acid alula (i-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-propionic acid ne-butyric acid), ama-carboxylic acid aqukethe amaqembu e-hydroxyl (i-lactic acid, i-malic acid, i-tartaric acid ne-citric acid), iketango elifushane le-carboxylic acid eliqukethe izibopho ezimbili (i-fumaric acid. kanye ne-sorbic acid) nama-acids angenayo i-inorganic (i-phosphoric acid) (sh Khan no-j Iqbal, 2016).I-acidification kanye nekhono le-bacteriostatic lama-acids ahlukahlukene ahlukile, isibonelo, i-formic acid inekhono elinamandla kakhulu le-bacteriostatic;Phakathi kwama-acids ngeyunithi ngayinye yesisindo, i-formic acid inamandla amakhulu okuhlinzeka nge-hydrogen;I-Propionic acid ne-formic acid inomphumela oqinile wokulwa nomkhuhlane.Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha i-asidi, kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokwesayensi ngokuya ngezakhiwo ze-asidi.Inani elikhulu lezifundo libonise ukuthi ukwengeza amalungiselelo e-asidi ekudleni kungathuthukisa futhi kukhuthaze ukukhula kwamathumbu, kuthuthukise umsebenzi wama-enzyme wokugaya emathunjini, kuthuthukise ukwakheka kwezitshalo zamathumbu, futhi kusize ukuzalanisa okunempilo ngaphandle kokudla okulwa namaJapane.

Sengiphetha, ukulungiswa kwe-asidi kunenzuzo ebalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impilo yamathumbu ezinkukhu.Uma usebenzisa futhi ukhetha i-asidi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukwakheka, isilinganiso, okuqukethwe kanye nenqubo yokulungiswa kwe-asidi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha, ukuzinza kanye nenani lemikhiqizo.