UKUBALULEKA KOKUTYISA I-BETAINE KWIINKUKHU

Njengoko iIndiya ililizwe elitshisayo, uxinzelelo lobushushu yenye yezona zinto zinzima iIndiya ejongene nazo.Ke, ukuqaliswa kweBetaine kunokuba luncedo kumafama enkukhu.I-Betaine ifunyenwe ukuba yonyusa imveliso yeenkukhu ngokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lobushushu.Ikwanceda ekwandiseni i-FCR yeentaka kunye ne-digestibility yefiber ekrwada kunye neprotein ekrwada.Ngenxa yeziphumo zayo ze-osmoregulatory, iBetaine iphucula ukusebenza kweentaka ezichatshazelwe yicoccidiosis.Ikwanceda ekwandiseni ubunzima obubhityileyo bezidumbu zeenkukhu .

AMAGAMA ENGQONDO

Betaine, Uxinzelelo lobushushu, uMnikeli weMethyl, Izongezo zokutya

INTSHAYELELO

Kwimeko yezolimo yaseIndiya, icandelo leenkuku lelinye lawona macandelo akhula ngokukhawuleza.Ngokunyuka kwamaqanda kunye nemveliso yenyama ngesantya se-8-10% pa, i-Indiya ngoku iyindawo yesihlanu enkulu yomvelisi weqanda kunye nomvelisi weshumi elinesibhozo we-broilers.Kodwa ukuba lilizwe elitshisayo loxinzelelo lobushushu yenye yeengxaki ezinkulu ezijongene neshishini lenkukhu eIndiya.Uxinzelelo lobushushu kuxa iintaka zisesichengeni seqondo lobushushu elingaphezulu kolona lifanelekileyo, ngalo ndlela iphazamisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo komzimba okuchaphazela ukukhula nokusebenza kwemveliso yeentaka.Ikwachaphazela kakubi ukukhula kwamathumbu okukhokelela ekuncitshisweni kokutya kwesondlo kwaye kucuthe ukutyiwa kwesondlo.

Unciphiso loxinzelelo lobushushu ngolawulo lweziseko ezingundoqo njengokubonelela ngendlu egqunyiweyo, izifudumezi zomoya, indawo eyongezelelekileyo kwiintaka kuthanda ukuba nexabiso eliphezulu kakhulu.Kwimeko enjalo unyango lwesondlo usebenzisa izongezo feed ezifanaBetaineinceda ukujongana nengxaki yoxinzelelo lobushushu.I-Betaine yi-alkaloid ene-crystalline enezondlo ezininzi efumaneka kwiibhithi zeswekile kunye nezinye izidlo eziye zasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukuphazamiseka kwesibindi kunye nesisu kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo lobushushu kwiinkukhu.Ifumaneka njenge-betaine anhydrous ekhutshwe kwi-beet yeswekile, i-betaine hydrochloride evela kwimveliso yokwenziwa.Isebenza njenge-methyl donor enceda kwi-re-methylation ye-homocysteine ​​kwi-methionine kwinkukhu kunye nokuqulunqa iikhompawundi eziluncedo ezifana ne-carnitine, i-creatinine kunye ne-phosphatidyl choline kwi-S-adenosyl methionine indlela.Ngenxa yokwakheka kwayo kwe-zwitterionic, isebenza njenge-osmolyte enceda ekugcinweni kwemetabolism yamanzi kwiiseli.

Izinto ezilungileyo zokutyisa i-betaine kwiinkukhu -

• Yonyusa izinga lokukhula kwenkukhu ngokugcina amandla asetyenziswa kwimpompo yeNa+ k+ kubushushu obuphezulu kwaye ivumela la mandla ukuba asetyenziswe ekukhuleni.
• I-Ratriyanto, et al (2017) ibike ukuba ukufakwa kwe-betaine nge-0.06% kunye ne-0.12% kubangela ukwanda kwe-digestibility yeprotheni engcolileyo kunye ne-fiber ekrwada.
• Kwakhona kwandisa ukugaywa kwezinto ezomileyo, i-ether extract kunye ne-non-nitrogen fiber extract ngokuncedisa ekwandiseni i-intestinal mucosa ephucula ukufunxa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezondlo.
• Iphucula ingxinano yee-acids ezimfutshane zetsheyini ezinamafutha ezifana ne-acetic acid kunye ne-propionic acid efunekayo ukuze kubanjwe i-lactobacillus kunye ne-Bifidobacterium kwiinkukhu.
• Ingxaki yenkunkuma emanzi kunye nokwehla komgangatho welitha kungaphuculwa ngokufaka i-betaine emanzini ngokukhuthaza ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuphezulu kwiintaka ezivezwe kuxinzelelo lobushushu.
• Ukuxhaswa kweBetaine kuphucula i-FCR @1.5-2 Gm/kg feed(Attia, et al, 2009)
• Kungcono umnikeli we-methyl xa kuthelekiswa ne-choline chloride kunye ne-methionine ngokwexabiso elisebenzayo.

Iimpembelelo zeBetaine kwi-coccidiosis -

I-Coccidiosis inxulunyaniswa ne-osmotic kunye ne-ionic disorder njengoko ibangela ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunye norhudo.IBetaine ngenxa yenkqubo ye-osmoregulatory ivumela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweeseli phantsi koxinzelelo lwamanzi.I-Betaine xa idibene ne-ionophore coccidiostat (i-salinomycin) inefuthe elihle ekusebenzeni kweentaka ngexesha le-coccidiosis ngokuthintela ukuhlasela kwe-coccidial kunye nophuhliso kunye nokungathanga ngqo ngokuxhasa ukwakheka kwamathumbu kunye nomsebenzi.

Indima kwimveliso yenyama yenkukhu –

I-Betaine ivuselela i-oxidative catabolism ye-fatty acid ngendima yayo kwi-carnitine synthesis kwaye ke kwaye isetyenziswe njengendlela yokunyusa i-oyile kunye nokunciphisa amanqatha kwisidumbu senkukhu (Saunderson kunye ne-macKinlay, i-1990).Iphucula ubunzima be-carcass, ipesenti yokunxiba, ithanga, ibele kunye nepesenti ye-giblets kwinqanaba le-0.1-0.2 % kwisondlo.Ikwachaphazela i-fat and protein deposition kwaye inciphisa isibindi esinamafutha kwaye iyancipha amanqatha esisu.

Indima kwimveliso yomaleko -

Iziphumo ze-Osmoregulatory ye-betaine yenza ukuba iintaka zikwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo lobushushu oluhlala luchaphazela uninzi lweeleya ngexesha lemveliso ephezulu.Kwiinkukhu ezizalelayo, ukuncipha okubonakalayo kwesibindi esinamafutha kwafunyanwa ngokunyuka kwenqanaba le-betaine ekutyeni.

ISIPHELO

Kuyo yonke le ngxoxo ingasentla kungagqitywa ukubabetaineinokuthathwa njengesongezo sesondlo esinokubakho esinganyusi nje kuphela ukusebenza kunye nesantya sokukhula kwiintaka kodwa sikwayindlela esebenza kakhulu kwezoqoqosho.Eyona mpembelelo ibalulekileyo ye-betaine kukukwazi ukulwa noxinzelelo lobushushu.Ikwayeyona ndlela ingcono kwaye inexabiso eliphantsi ye-methionine kunye ne-choline kwaye iphinda ifunxeke ngokukhawuleza.Kananjalo ayinazo iziphumo ezinobungozi kwiintaka kwaye akukho luhlobo lwenkxalabo yempilo yoluntu kunye namayeza okubulala iintsholongwane asetyenziswa kwiinkukhu.