Nkhumba nthawi zonse yakhala gawo lalikulu la nyama ya tebulo la anthu okhalamo, ndipo ndi gwero lofunikira la mapuloteni apamwamba.M'zaka zaposachedwapa, timakuswana nkhumbayakhala ikutsata kwambiri kukula, kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kwa chakudya, kuchuluka kwa nyama yowonda, mtundu wopepuka wa nkhumba, kukoma koyipa ndi zovuta zina, ndipo nkhumba ndi yachifundo komanso yokoma, yomwe imadziwika ndi anthu.Ndi zinthu ziti zomwe zimakhudza kukoma kwa nkhumba?

1. Zosiyanasiyana

Pakalipano, ma hydrocarbon, aldehydes, ketoni, mowa, esters, furans, pyrazine ndi zinthu zina zowonongeka zapezeka mu nkhumba.Zambiri mwa zigawozi ndizofanana mumitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyama, koma zomwe zili mkati mwake ndi zosiyana.Mwachitsanzo, nkhumba zoweta nkhumba zimakhala ndi zokometsera zambiri monga shuga, mafuta ndi mapuloteni.Mitundu ya nkhumba ya m'deralo imaberekedwa ndi anthu ogwira ntchito m'dziko lathu kudzera mu kuswana kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo ndi mabanki amtengo wapatali.Tiyenera kupereka masewera athunthu pazabwino zamtundu wa nkhumba zakomweko ndikukulitsa mtundu wa nkhumba zokhala ndi kukoma kwabwino.

2. Zaka ndi jenda

Kukoma mtima kwa nkhumba kumakhudzidwa ndi zaka za nkhumba.Ana a nkhumba, chifukwa cha ulusi wawo wabwino wa minofu komanso kusalumikizana kwakukulu kwa minofu yolumikizana, amakhala atsopano komanso achifundo.Ndi kukula kwa ukalamba, kulumikizana kokhwima kwa minofu yolumikizana kumawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ulusi wa minofu umakhala wokhuthala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwachifundo.Kafukufuku wina wasonyeza kuti khalidwe la nyama limakula pang'onopang'ono ndi kukula kwa msinkhu, koma limakhala lokhazikika pakatha masiku 220, zomwe zimafuna chidwi ndi zaka zopha nkhumba popanga.Kupha nyama isanakwane sikuthandiza kuti nyama ikhale yabwino, ndipo kupha mochedwa kumawononga ndalama zopangira ndipo sikungatukuke.Nkhumba ya nkhumba imakhudzidwa osati ndi msinkhu wokha, komanso kugonana kwa nkhumba.Ma granules a ulusi wa minofu ya boar ndi aakulu, ndipo ali ndi androstenone, skatole, polyunsaturated mafuta acids ndi zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza kukoma.

3. Kudyetsa

Kudyetsamakamaka zikuphatikizapo kadyedwe kadyedwe, kamangidwe ka chakudya ndi kasamalidwe ka kadyedwe.Mlingo wa zakudya zopatsa thanzi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimakhudza thanzi la nkhumba.Kudyetsa chakudya chokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri komanso mapuloteni ochepa, nkhumba imakhala ndi mafuta ambiri komanso nyama yofewa;Kudyetsa zakudya zokhala ndi mapuloteni ambiri komanso mphamvu zochepa, nyama imakhala yochepa komanso mafuta ochepa;Ma amino acid monga lysine, threonine ndi cysteine ​​​​amakhudzanso kwambiri nyama, choncho chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa pa kuchuluka kwa kuwonjezera pa chakudya.Kuphatikiza pa kuchuluka kwa michere yazakudya, kapangidwe kake kazakudya zimakhudzanso mtundu wa nkhumba.Kudyetsa chimanga chochuluka kumapangitsa nkhumba kukhala yachikasu, makamaka chifukwa mtundu wachikasu mu chimanga umayikidwa mu mafuta a nkhumba ndi minofu ya minofu;Thiopropene, propylene disulfide, allicin, aromatics ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili muzakudya zimatulutsa fungo lapadera la nkhumba komanso kukhudza thanzi la nyama.Kuphatikiza kwa Eucommia ulmoides masamba ochotsa ngati chowonjezera cha chakudya muzakudya kungathandize kupanga collagen ndikuwongolera mtundu wa nkhumba.Kuonjezera apo, ubwino wa nkhumba udzakhudzidwanso ndi njira zodyera.Mwachitsanzo, pali masewera apadera a nkhumba.Kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwachakudya chobiriwirakomanso chakudya chowawa chimatha kupititsa patsogolo thanzi la nkhumba.

4. Zinthu zina

Zinthu zopha nyama monga njira yophera, nthawi yodikirira, nthawi yoyendera, ndi chithandizo chakufa pambuyo pakufa monga kutentha kwa dziwe lamoto ndi njira yophikira zidzakhudza mtundu wa nkhumba.Mwachitsanzo, poyerekezera ndi kugwedezeka kwa magetsi, mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide ukhoza kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa minofu yoyera;Kuchepetsa nthawi ya mayendedwe ndikutalikitsa nthawi yopha kumachepetsa nkhawa za nkhumba;Kutentha kwa dziwe la scalding sikophweka kukhala kokwera kwambiri.Ngati kutentha kupitirira 60 ℃, nkhumba imatenthedwa ndikugudubuza, zomwe zidzakhudza kukoma kwa nkhumba.

Pomaliza, pakupanga kwenikweni, tiyenera kusankha mitundu mwanzeru, kulimbikitsa kasamalidwe ka kadyedwe kasayansi, kuchepetsa nkhawa isanaphedwe ndi mbali zina zamalamulo kuti nyama ikhale yabwino kwambiri.