Ntau cov tswv yim noj zaub mov tsis tu ncua raug sim los txhim kho cov nqaij zoo ntawm broilers.Betaine muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb los txhim kho cov nqaij zoo vim nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov osmotic tshuav nyiaj li cas, cov khoom noj khoom haus metabolism thiab muaj peev xwm antioxidant ntawm broilers.Tab sis nyob rau hauv daim ntawv twg nws yuav tsum tau muab los siv tag nrho nws cov txiaj ntsig?

Hauv kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no luam tawm hauv Poultry Science, cov kws tshawb fawb tau sim teb cov lus nug saum toj no los ntawm kev sib piv kev loj hlob ntawm broiler thiab nqaij zoo nrog 2 hom ntawmbetaine: anhydrous betaine thiab hydrochloride betaine.

Betaine feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj additive nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv purified tshuaj.Cov ntaub ntawv nrov tshaj plaws ntawm pub-qib betaine yog anhydrous betaine thiab hydrochloride betaine.Nrog rau kev noj nqaij qaib ntau zuj zus, txoj kev ua liaj ua teb hnyav tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim cov broiler los txhim kho cov khoom tsim tau.Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev tsim khoom hnyav no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau broilers, xws li kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo thiab txo cov nqaij tsis zoo.

Kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob zoo hauv cov nqaij qaib

Qhov sib piv tsis sib xws yog tias kev txhim kho kev ua neej nyob txhais tau hais tias cov neeg siv khoom xav tau kev saj zoo dua thiab cov khoom noj nqaij zoo dua.Yog li ntawd, ntau lub tswv yim kev noj haus tau raug sim los txhim kho cov nqaij zoo ntawm broilers nyob rau hauv uas betaine tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo vim nws cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab lub cev muaj zog.

Anhydrous vs hydrochloride

Feem ntau qhov chaw ntawm betaine yog qab zib beets thiab lawv cov khoom los ntawm cov khoom, xws li molasses.Txawm li cas los xij, betaine kuj tseem muaj nyob rau hauv cov khoom noj ntxiv nrog cov ntawv nrov tshaj plaws ntawm qib pubbetaine uayog anhydrous betaine thiab hydrochloride betaine.

Feem ntau, betaine, raws li tus neeg pub khoom noj methyl, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj cov osmotic tshuav nyiaj li cas, cov khoom noj metabolism thiab muaj peev xwm antioxidant ntawm broilers.Vim muaj cov qauv molecular sib txawv, anhydrous betaine qhia ntau dua solubility hauv dej piv nrog hydrochloride betaine, yog li ua kom nws lub peev xwm osmotic.Hloov pauv, hydrochloride betaine induces pH poob hauv plab, yog li muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev noj zaub mov zoo hauv hom sib txawv ntawm anhydrous betaine.

Cov zaub mov

Txoj kev tshawb no tau teeb tsa los tshawb xyuas cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 2 hom betaine (anhydrous betaine thiab hydrochloride betaine) ntawm kev loj hlob, nqaij zoo thiab muaj peev xwm antioxidant ntawm broilers.Tag nrho ntawm 400 tus txiv neej broiler menyuam qaib tshiab tau muab faib ua 5 pawg thiab pub 5 zaub mov noj thaum lub sijhawm pub mis rau 52 hnub.

Cov 2 betaine qhov chaw tau tsim los ua equimolar.Cov zaub mov tau raws li nram no.
Kev Tswj: broilers hauv pawg tswj tau noj cov pob kws-soybean noj zaub mov basal noj
Anhydrous betaine noj: Basal noj zaub mov ntxiv nrog 2 qib concentration ntawm 500 thiab 1,000 mg / kg anhydrous betaine
Hydrochloride betaine noj: Basal noj zaub mov ntxiv nrog 2 qib concentration ntawm 642.23 thiab 1284.46 mg / kg hydrochloride betaine.

Kev loj hlob kev ua haujlwm thiab nqaij tawm los

Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb no, kev noj zaub mov ntxiv nrog cov koob tshuaj siab anhydrous betaine ua tau zoo dua qhov hnyav nce, noj kom tsawg, txo FCR thiab nce lub mis thiab cov leeg nqaij tawm los thaum piv rau ob qho tib si tswj thiab hydrochloride betaine pawg.Kev nce hauv kev loj hlob kuj tseem cuam tshuam nrog kev nce hauv cov protein tso tawm pom nyob rau hauv cov leeg ntawm lub mis: Cov koob tshuaj ntau npaum li cas anhydrous betaine nce ntxiv (los ntawm 4.7%) cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein nyob hauv cov leeg mis thaum cov koob tshuaj hydrochloride betaine ntau ntxiv cov nqaij leeg nqaij nyoos protein ntau. (los ntawm 3.9%).

Nws tau pom tias qhov txiaj ntsig no yog vim tias betaine tuaj yeem koom nrog hauv lub voj voog methionine kom tsis txhob muaj methionine los ntawm kev ua tus methyl pub dawb, yog li ntau methionine tuaj yeem siv rau cov leeg nqaij protein synthesis.Tib qhov kev lees paub kuj tau muab rau betaine lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tswj hwm cov noob caj ces myogenic thiab cov insulin zoo li kev loj hlob zoo-1 qhia txoj hauv kev uas txhawb kev nce hauv cov leeg nqaij protein.

Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau hais tias cov anhydrous betaine qab qab qab zib, thaum hydrochloride betaine saj iab, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev noj zaub mov noj thiab kev noj zaub mov ntawm broilers.Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev zom zaub mov thiab kev nqus yog nyob ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub plab epithelium, yog li lub peev xwm osmotic ntawm betaine tuaj yeem cuam tshuam zoo rau kev zom zaub mov.Anhydrous betaine qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm osmotic zoo dua li hydrochloride betaine vim nws cov solubility ntau dua.Yog li, broilers pub nrog anhydrous betaine yuav muaj kev zom zaub mov zoo dua li cov neeg noj hydrochloride betaine.

Cov nqaij tom qab mortem anaerobic glycolysis thiab antioxidant muaj peev xwm yog ob qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov nqaij zoo.Tom qab los ntshav, qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov pa oxygen hloov mus rau cov nqaij mos metabolism.Tom qab ntawd anaerobic glycolysis inevitably tshwm sim thiab tsav lactic acid tsub zuj zuj.

Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, kev noj zaub mov ntxiv nrog cov koob tshuaj ntau npaum li cas anhydrous betaine txo qis cov ntsiab lus lactate hauv cov leeg mis.Lactic acid tsub zuj zuj yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau cov leeg pH txo qis tom qab tua.Lub mis pH siab dua nrog cov tshuaj betaine ntxiv hauv qhov kev tshawb fawb no qhia tias betaine tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov leeg nqaij tom qab glycolysis kom txo qis lactate tsub zuj zuj thiab cov protein denaturation, uas ua rau txo qis poob.

Nqaij oxidation, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog lipid peroxidation, yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov nqaij zoo deterioration uas txo cov nqi noj haus thaum ua rau muaj teeb meem kev ntxhib los mos.Hauv txoj kev tshawb no, kev noj zaub mov ntxiv nrog cov tshuaj betaine siab tau txo qis cov ntsiab lus ntawm MDA hauv cov leeg ntawm lub mis thiab ncej puab, qhia tias betaine tuaj yeem txo cov oxidative puas tsuaj.

Cov kab lus mRNA ntawm cov noob caj noob ces antioxidant (Nrf2 thiab HO-1) tau tswj hwm ntau dua hauv pawg anhydrous betaine ntau dua li cov khoom noj hydrochloride betaine, sib haum rau kev txhim kho ntau dua hauv cov leeg nqaij antioxidant.

Pom zoo noj ntau npaum

Los ntawm txoj kev tshawb no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau xaus lus tias anhydrous betaine qhia tau hais tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li hydrochloride betaine hauv kev txhim kho kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov leeg nqaij hauv cov nqaij qaib broiler.Anhydrous betaine (1,000 mg / kg) los yog equimolar hydrochloride betaine supplementation kuj tseem tuaj yeem txhim kho cov nqaij zoo ntawm broilers los ntawm kev txo cov lactate cov ntsiab lus kom cov nqaij pH siab tshaj plaws, cuam tshuam rau cov nqaij faib dej kom txo qis poob, thiab txhim kho cov leeg nqaij antioxidant.Xav txog kev loj hlob zoo thiab cov nqaij zoo, 1,000 mg / kg anhydrous betaine tau pom zoo rau broilers.