Ingamba zinyuranye zimirire zirimo kugeragezwa kugirango zongere ubwiza bwinyama za broilers.Betaine ifite imiterere yihariye yo kuzamura ubwiza bwinyama kuko igira uruhare runini muguhuza imitekerereze ya osmotic, metabolism yintungamubiri nubushobozi bwa antioxydeant ya broilers.Ariko ni ubuhe buryo bukwiye gutangwa kugirango bukoreshe inyungu zabwo zose?

Mu bushakashatsi buherutse gusohoka mu bumenyi bw'inkoko, abashakashatsi bagerageje gusubiza ikibazo cyavuzwe haruguru bagereranya imikorere yo gukura kwa broiler hamwe nubwiza bwinyama nuburyo bubiri bwabetaine: betaine anhydrous na hydrochloride betaine.

Betaine iraboneka cyane nkinyongera yibiryo muburyo bwa chimique.Uburyo buzwi cyane bwo kugaburira-betaine ni anhydrous betaine na hydrochloride betaine.Hamwe no kurya inyama zinkoko, uburyo bwo guhinga bwinjijwe mubikorwa bya broiler kugirango umusaruro wiyongere.Nyamara, uyu musaruro mwinshi urashobora kugira ingaruka mbi kuri broilers, nkimibereho mibi no kugabanya ubwiza bwinyama.

Antibiyotike nziza muburyo bwinkoko

Kuvuguruzanya bihuye nuko kuzamura imibereho bivuze ko abaguzi biteze uburyohe bwiza nibikomoka ku nyama nziza.Kubwibyo, ingamba zinyuranye zimirire zageragejwe kunoza ubwiza bwinyama za broilers aho betaine yitabiriwe cyane kubera imikorere yintungamubiri na physiologiya.

Anhydrous na hydrochloride

Inkomoko rusange ya betaine ni beterave yisukari nibiyikomokaho, nka molase.Nubwo bimeze bityo, betaine iraboneka kandi nk'inyongeramusaruro hamwe nuburyo buzwi cyane bwo kugaburira-urwegobetainekuba betaine anhydrous na hydrochloride betaine.

Muri rusange, betaine, nkumuterankunga wa methyl, igira uruhare runini muguhuza uburinganire bwa osmotic, metabolism yintungamubiri nubushobozi bwa antioxydeant ya broilers.Bitewe nuburyo butandukanye bwa molekile, betaine ya anhydrous yerekana imbaraga nyinshi mumazi ugereranije na hydrochloride betaine, bityo ikongera ubushobozi bwa osmotic.Ku rundi ruhande, hydrochloride betaine itera pH kugabanuka mu gifu, bityo bikaba byagira ingaruka ku gufata intungamubiri muburyo butandukanye na betaine ya anhidrous.

Indyo

Ubu bushakashatsi bwiyemeje gukora iperereza ku ngaruka 2 za betaine (anhydrous betaine na hydrochloride betaine) ku mikorere yo gukura, ubwiza bw’inyama ndetse n’ubushobozi bwa antioxydeant ya broilers.Inkoko 400 zimaze gushya za broiler broiler zagabanijwemo amatsinda 5 kandi zigaburira indyo 5 mugihe cyiminsi 52 yo kugaburira.

Inkomoko 2 ya betaine yateguwe kugirango ibe equimolar.Indyo yari iteye itya.
Igenzura: Broilers mumatsinda yo kugenzura bagaburiwe ibigori-soya ifunguro ryibanze
Indyo ya Anhydrous betaine: Indyo yibanze yongerewe urwego 2 rwibanze rwa 500 na 1.000 mg / kg anhydrous betaine
Indyo ya Hydrochloride betaine: Indyo yibanze yongewemo urwego 2 rwibanze rwa 642.23 na 1284.46 mg / kg hydrochloride betaine.

Gukura imikorere n'umusaruro w'inyama

Muri ubu bushakashatsi, indyo yuzuye hamwe na dose ya anhydrous betaine yongereye cyane kwiyongera ibiro, gufata ibiryo, kugabanya FCR no kongera umusaruro wimitsi yamabere nibibero mugihe ugereranije no kugenzura hamwe nitsinda rya hydrochloride betaine.Ubwiyongere bw'imikorere yo gukura bwanajyanye no kwiyongera kwa poroteyine zigaragara mu mitsi y'ibere: Dine-anhydrous betaine yiyongereye cyane (ku kigero cya 4.7%) ya poroteyine ya vitamine mu mitsi y'ibere mu gihe hydrochloride betaine ikabije yiyongereye ku mubare wa poroteyine. (kuri 3,9%).

Hasabwe ko iyi ngaruka ishobora kuba kubera ko betaine ishobora kugira uruhare muri cycle ya methionine kugirango irinde methionine ikora nkumuterankunga wa methyl, bityo methionine nyinshi irashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura intungamubiri za poroteyine.Inshingano imwe nayo yahawe uruhare rwa betaine muguhuza imiterere ya gene ya myogenic hamwe na insuline imeze nkikura-1 ryerekana inzira itera kwiyongera kwimitsi ya poroteyine.

Byongeye kandi, hagaragajwe ko betaine ya anhydrous iryoshye, mu gihe hydrochloride betaine iryoshye, ishobora kugira ingaruka ku biryo biryoha no gufata ibiryo bya broilers.Byongeye kandi, inzira yo gusya intungamubiri no kuyiterwa biterwa na epitelium yo mu nda idahwitse, bityo ubushobozi bwa osmotic ya betaine bushobora kugira ingaruka nziza ku igogora.Anhydrous betaine yerekana ubushobozi bwa osmotic kurusha hydrochloride betaine kubera gukomera kwayo.Kubwibyo, broilers zigaburiwe na betaine ya anhydrous irashobora kugira igogorwa ryiza kuruta kugaburirwa hydrochloride betaine.

Imitsi ya post-mortem anaerobic glycolysis hamwe nubushobozi bwa antioxydeant nibintu bibiri byingenzi byerekana ubwiza bwinyama.Nyuma yo kuva amaraso, guhagarika itangwa rya ogisijeni bihindura imitsi ya metabolism.Noneho anaerobic glycolysis byanze bikunze ibaho kandi itera aside irike.

Muri ubu bushakashatsi, indyo yuzuye hamwe na betaine nyinshi ya anhydrous betaine yagabanije cyane ibinure byonsa mumitsi yamabere.Kwiyegeranya aside ya Lactique nimpamvu nyamukuru ituma imitsi pH igabanuka nyuma yo kubagwa.Imitsi yo hejuru yamabere pH hamwe ninyongera ya betaine yuzuye muri ubu bushakashatsi yavuze ko betaine ishobora kugira ingaruka kumitsi ya glycolysis nyuma yo gupfa kugirango igabanye kwirundanya kwa lactate hamwe na protein ihindagurika, ari nako bigabanya gutakaza ibitonyanga.

Okiside yinyama, cyane cyane lipide peroxidation, nimpamvu yingenzi yo kwangirika kwinyama zigabanya agaciro kintungamubiri mugihe zitera ibibazo byimiterere.Muri ubu bushakashatsi indyo yuzuye hamwe na betaine ikabije yagabanije cyane MDA mu mitsi y'ibere n'amatako, byerekana ko betaine ishobora kugabanya kwangiza okiside.

Imvugo ya mRNA ya antioxydeant (Nrf2 na HO-1) yagengwaga cyane mumatsinda ya betaine ya anhydrous kuruta indyo ya hydrochloride betaine, ihuye niterambere ryinshi mubushobozi bwa antioxydeant imitsi.

Gusabwa

Duhereye kuri ubu bushakashatsi, abashakashatsi banzuye ko betaine ya anhydrous yerekana ingaruka nziza kuruta hydrochloride betaine mu kunoza imikorere yo gukura no gutanga imitsi y'ibere mu nkoko za broiler.Anhydrous betaine (1.000 mg / kg) cyangwa inyongera ya hydrochloride ya betaine ya equimolar irashobora kandi kuzamura ubwiza bwinyama za broilers kugabanya ibinure byongera imitsi pH, bikagira uruhare mukwirakwiza amazi yinyama kugabanya igihombo, no kongera ubushobozi bwa antioxydeant imitsi.Urebye imikorere ikura hamwe nubwiza bwinyama, mg / kg 1.000 anhydrous betaine yasabwe kuri broilers.